OBJECTIVES The objective of this study is to determine an optimal antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) for infection prophylaxis in total joint arthroplasty (TJA). METHODS We evaluated the antibacterial effects of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bone cements loaded with vancomycin, teicoplanin, ceftazidime, imipenem, piperacillin, gentamicin, and tobramycin against methicillin-sensitive Staphyl...

Antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) is widely used in orthopaedic surgery for both prevention and treatment of infection. Little is known about the effect of different brand combinations of antibiotic and bone cement on the elution profile and mechanical strength of ALBC. Standardized specimens that consisted of one of the 4 brands of bone cement and one of the 3 brands of vancomycin were fash...

Cyclodipeptide synthases (CDPSs) belong to a newly defined family of enzymes that use aminoacyl-tRNAs (aa-tRNAs) as substrates to synthesize the two peptide bonds of various cyclodipeptides, which are the precursors of many natural products with noteworthy biological activities. Here, we describe the crystal structure of AlbC, a CDPS from Streptomyces noursei. The AlbC structure consists of a m...

Bone cement has the capacity to release antibiotic molecules if any antibiotic is included in it, and these elution properties are improved as cement porosity is increased. In vitro studies have shown high local antibiotic concentration for many hours or few days after its use. Antibiotic loaded bone cement (ALBC) is helpful when treating an infection in total knee arthroplasty (TKA) revision s...

Cyclodipeptide synthases (CDPSs) use two aminoacyl-tRNA substrates in a sequential ping-pong mechanism to form a cyclodipeptide. The crystal structures of three CDPSs have been determined and all show a Rossmann-fold domain similar to the catalytic domain of class-I aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs). Structural features and mutational analyses however suggest that CDPSs and aaRSs interact diff...

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic-loaded bone cement in controlling local infection and in regard to its physical characteristics, elastic modulus, and tensile strength in-vitro. Methods: Acrylic bone cement, based on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) was mixed with the powder form of three antibiotics, i.e., gentamicin, tobramycin, and cefuroxime with diff...

OBJECTIVES The objective of this study was to compare the elution characteristics, antimicrobial activity and mechanical properties of antibiotic-loaded bone cement (ALBC) loaded with powdered antibiotic, powdered antibiotic with inert filler (xylitol), or liquid antibiotic, particularly focusing on vancomycin and amphotericin B. METHODS Cement specimens loaded with 2 g of vancomycin or ampho...

Ultrasound (US) has been used to increase elution of antibiotic from an antibiotic-loaded poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) bone cement (ALBC). We aimed to further investigate whether microbubbles-mediated US (US + MB) facilitate elution of vancomycin (VAN) from cylindrical specimens and enhance the activity of the eluted antibiotic against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in vitro. The study g...

Due to its primary fixation purpose antibiotic loaded bone cement (ALBC) has been classified as a class III medical device according to the CE standard for the fixation of primary or revision implants. Because of the high initial release of local antibiotics into the joint cavity, ALBC has also been successfully used for decades for prophylactic reasons aimed at prevention of bacterial colonisa...

  Abstract   Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of antibiotic-loaded bone   cement in controlling local infection and in regard to its physical characteristics, elastic   modulus, and tensile strength in-vitro.   Methods: Acrylic bone cement, based on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) was   mixed with the powder form of three antibiotics, i.e., gentamicin, tobramycin, and...