Spinal intrathecal injections of the nonsteroidal antiinflammatory analgesics (NSAIAs) indomethacin and acetylsalicylic acid, which inhibit prostaglandin synthesis, cause dose-dependent hypoalgesia in the rat. Intrathecal injections of prostaglandin-E2 (PGE2) produce dose-dependent hyperalgesia. To determine whether this action of prostaglandins on the central nervous system is mediated through...

BACKGROUND Epidural analgesia is one of the most popular modes of analgesia for child birth. There are controversies regarding adverse effects and safety of epidural analgesia. This study was conducted to study the immediate effects of the maternal epidural analgesia on the neonate during early neonatal phase. METHODS A prospective cohort study of 100 neonates born to mothers administered epi...

OBJECTIVE Epidural (EA) and combined spinal-epidural (CSE) techniques have both been utilized for labor analgesia. This study compared the effects on the mother and newborn of these techniques in labor analgesia and anesthesia. METHODS Forty pregnant women received epidural analgesia with 15 mL of 0.125% ropivacaine (EA group) and 5 microg of sufentanil plus 2.5mg bupivacaine in the subarachn...

SUMMARY To improve postoperative pain management, several concepts have been developed, including preemptive analgesia, preventive analgesia, and multimodal analgesia. This article will discuss the role of these concepts in improving perioperative pain management. Preemptive analgesia refers to the administration of an analgesic treatment before the surgical insult or tissue injury. Several ran...

BACKGROUND Low-dose combined spinal-epidural analgesia in labor has proved popular with women because lower-limb motor power is preserved, allowing ambulation. However, there has been debate about the safety of allowing women to walk following low-dose regional analgesia because of somatosensory impairment. The authors undertook a prospective controlled observational study using computerized dy...

BACKGROUND Offset analgesia, in which a disproportionally large amount of analgesia becomes apparent upon a slight decrease in noxious heat stimulation, has not been described previously in patients with chronic pain. METHODS Offset analgesia responses in 10 patients with neuropathic pain (in both legs) were compared with 10 matched healthy controls and volunteers from a convenience sample (n...

Animals eat rather than react to moderate pain. Here, we examined the behavioral, hedonic, and neural requirements for ingestion analgesia in ad libitum fed rats. Noxious heat-evoked withdrawals were similarly suppressed during self-initiated chocolate eating and ingestion of intraorally infused water, sucrose, or saccharin, demonstrating that ingestion analgesia does not require feeding motiva...

Objective- To compare the time of onset, duration of action and the extent of analgesia produced by a lidocaine/xylazine combination with that produced by lidocaine and xylazine alone after injection into the caudal extradural space of the Iranian river buffalo. Design- Observer-blind prospective descriptive trial, Latin square design.   Animals-  Eleven adult (aged over 2 years) female non-...

Patients undergoing total hip and knee arthroplasty experience substantial and sustained postoperative pain. Inadequate analgesia may impede physical therapy and rehabilitative efforts and delay hospital dismissal. Traditionally, postoperative analgesia after total joint replacement was provided by either intravenous patient-controlled analgesia or epidural analgesia. Each, however, had disadva...