Hypertension is a serious risk factor for various diseases. Therefore, lowering and preventing high blood pressure significant issue. Blockage of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), which controls pressure, important to reduce consequently symptoms heart failure. This blockage can be carried out by angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs). The phe...

OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to investigate ACE- and chymase-dependent angiotensin I-to-II conversion in human coronary arteries (HCAs). METHODS AND RESULTS HCA rings were mounted in organ baths, and concentration-response curves to angiotensin II, angiotensin I, and the chymase-specific substrate Pro(11)-D-Ala(12)-angiotensin I (PA-angiotensin I) were constructed. All angiotensi...

The ability of angiotensin peptides to stimulate prostaglandin release and raise intracellular calcium levels by activating a phosphoinositide-specific phospholipase C was assessed in three human astrocytoma cell lines (CRTG3, STTG1, and WITG2). The addition of angiotensin II to CRTG3 cells resulted in a dose-dependent release of prostaglandin E2 and prostacyclin, the production of inositol 1,4...

Angiotensin II is a major endocrine hormone that affects directly both vascular smooth muscle and endothelial cells. Since vascular reactivity to angiotensin II changes in more physiological and pathophysiological conditions, the present study was performed to investigate the effect of intraperitoneal administration of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor and captopril (30 and 50 mg kg-1, on...

Introduction: The brain renin-angiotensin system (RAS) has been reported having a pathological role in age-related impairment in learning and memory. Therefore, angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEi) are expected to have positive effects on memory. Longtime treatment with captopril (an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor) significantly attenuates the age-related impairment in learn...

We investigated the processing enzymes involved in the formation of circulating angiotensin-(1-7) after intravenous administration of angiotensin I to conscious spontaneously hypertensive and Wistar-Kyoto rats. Immunoreactive products, including angiotensin I, angiotensin II, and angiotensin-(1-7), were measured in arterial blood by three specific radioimmunoassays. Angiotensin I infusion (2 nm...

Females are less sensitive to the hypertensive effects of angiotensin II compared with males, although the molecular mechanisms responsible are unknown. We hypothesize that differential activation of angiotensin II, angiotensin (1-7), angiotensin II type 1, angiotensin II type 2, and mas levels in the renal cortex of male and female spontaneously hypertensive rats contribute to sex differences ...

Objective(s): Considering the lack of information, the effects of mild endurance exercise plus blood flow restriction (BFR) on electrocardiographic parameters, hypertrophy index, and expression of angiotensin II receptors type 1 (AT1R) and type 2 (AT2R) and apelin receptor (APJ) were assessed in hearts of old male rats.Materials and Methods: Animal were grouped as control (CTL), Sham (Sh), lowe...

Losartan potassium, Valsartan , Telmisartan and Irbesartan are angiotensin-II-receptor antagonists (ARA II) group which used in treatment of hypertension alone or in combination with other drugs mainly Hydrochlorothiazide. RP- HPLC method was developed for the assay of three angiotensin-II-receptor antagonists (ARA-IIs) in presence of Hydrochlorothiazide. The method was performed by reversed ph...

Several evidences have indicated that many nuclei in the brain have critical role in water intake. Angiotensin II is one of the most important neurotransmitters involved in regulation of fluid homeostasis. In this study, the interaction of i.c.v. injection of captopril and histamine on water intake in adult male water-deprived rats was investigated. Rats were implanted with guide cannula aimed ...