enhanced immune cell trafficking into the central nervous system (cns) and disruption of the blood brain barrier are pathophysiological hallmarks of neuroinflammatory disorders like multiple sclerosis (ms) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (eae). however, recent studies suggest that the coagulation and the contact-kinin system might also be involved in ms developme...

Rabies is one of the infectious diseases, highly fatal and true zoonoses. The disease occurs in most countries. In Iran, rabies is endemic and a major public health Problem. The most warm- blooded animals are susceptible to rabies. The methods of transmission is almost always by the bite of an infected animal to human and animals. The saliva of rabid animal contains the rabies virus. The main s...

Cognitive processes such as perception, learning, memory and decision making play an important role in mate choice, foraging and many other behaviours. In this review, I summarize a few key ideas about animal cognition developed in a recent book (Shettleworth 1998, Cognition, Evolution and Behaviour) and briefly review some areas in which interdisciplinary research on animal cognition is curren...

the most popular animal models of alzheimer’s disease (ad) are transgenic mice expressing human genes with known mutations which do not represent the most abundant sporadic form of the disease. an increasing number of genetic, vascular and psychosocial data strongly support that the octodon degus, a moderate-sized and diurnal precocial rodent, provides a naturalistic model for the study of the ...