Corruption is a multi-dimensional problem that has been pervasive through history. Attempts to fight corruption must likewise be multi-directional. The institutions that have been designed in different societies for this purpose include formal laws, special agencies, community organizations, and combinations; their record of success is varied. This paper examines some prominent examples of such...

Recent years have seen a remarkable expansion in economists’ ability to measure corruption. This, in turn, has led to a new generation of well-identified, microeconomic studies. We review the evidence on corruption in developing countries in light of these recent advances, focusing on three questions: how much corruption is there, what are the efficiency consequences of corruption, and what det...

Background: Corrupt behaviour in Indonesia is increasingly becoming a culture, which undoubtedly destructive to the economy and moral order of nation. Corruption has become chronic disease country, requires serious treatment, especially by state.
 Objective: Building an anti-corruption culture genuine sustained intention; such effort should be spearheaded y government. Instilling understan...

Motivation Anti-corruption campaigns often include an awareness-raising component that stress the consequences of corruption. Indeed, governments and international donors have spent millions on promoting evils Experience suggests, however, messages highlight prevalence corruption may backfire by adding to belief is normal. Purpose The article examines impacts anti-corruption citizens' willingne...