quadricuspid aortic valve (qav) is an uncommon congenital anomaly which was an incidental finding during surgery or autopsy in the past. we present the case of a 44-year-old woman with moderately severe aortic regurgitation due to unequal cusp size qav diagnosed via transesophageal echocardiography. due to echocardiographic imaging improvement, the diagnosis of qav is now easier and earlier tha...

the bicuspid aortic valve is known to be the most common congenital cardiac malformation, with an approximate incidence rate of 1-2% in the general population. most patients are unaware of the disease until the onset of infective endocarditis, which is a life-threatening complication that may affect a heart valve or other cardiac structures at the site of endothelial damage. a 22-year-old man p...

there is a paucity of literature regarding iatrogenic aortic valve perforation after cardiac operation is performed in the vicinity of the aortic valve. this report describes the clinical, echocardiographic, and angiocardiographic recognition of iatrogenic aortic valve perforation in a patient who had previously under gone membranous ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis. five days a...

dissection of the sinus of valsalva is a rare and life-threatening event. it often occurs during percutaneous coronary intervention in the right coronary artery (rca). dissection flap usually involves the rca and the right sinus of valsalva. here we report two extremely rare cases of spontaneous dissection limited to the non-coronary sinus of valsalva, causing severe aortic valve regurgitation:...

brucella endocarditis is a rare, and life threatening complication of human brucellosis. children are usually infected by consumption of contaminated dairy product. clinical presentation is similar to rheumatic fever. aortic valve is most commonly involved. clinical manifestations of fever, arthritis/arthralgia, aortic insufficiency, echocardiographic evidence of vegetation, and negative findin...

background: discrete subaortic stenosis (dss) is a progressive condition. controversy still rumbles on as to whether the subaortic membrane causes aortic regurgitation (ar) and whether membrane resection reduces ar severity. we investigated the association between the left ventricular outflow tract peak gradient (lvot-pg) and ar severity preoperatively and changes in ar severity and obstruction...

a 32-year-old female patient with previous bentall operation and mitral valve repair surgery due to severe aortic insufficiency, mitral valve insufficiency, and ascending aortic aneurysm was admitted to our hospital with serious dyspnea, fatigue, and mild chest pain. two-dimensional echocardiography demonstrated a markedly dilated basal aorta and cardiac chambers. thoracic computed tomography s...

A total of 14 cases of infective endocarditis (IE) in children aged 6 months to 10 years were seen from December 1987 to December 1992 at the pediatric unit of Ayatollah Taleghani Medical Center. The majority of patients (12 of 14) were between 5 and 10 years of age. Acyanotic congenital heart disease was known to preexist in 78.6% and rheumatic valvular heart disease in 21.4% of cases. Or...