background: there is an international emphasis on providing timely and high quality data to monitor progress of countries toward millennium development goals. iran’s multiple indicator demographic and health survey (irmidhs) aimed to provide valid information on population and health outcomes to monitor progress in achieving national priorities and health programs and to assist policy makers to...

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Assurance provides confidence that a system will work as required and not cause harm. Confidence is based on justified beliefs about the system and its environment, and justification can be developed and documented as an assurance case comprised of a structured argument grounded on evidence. For justification to be compelling, the argument must be indefeasible, meaning that we have so thoroughl...

The U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is starting two ambitious projects to (1) develop a taxonomy of software security flaws and vulnerabilities, (2) develop a taxonomy of software assurance (SA) functions and techniques which detect those flaws, (3) perform and maintain a survey of SA tools implementing the functions, (4) develop testable specifications of SA function...

A small, manageable number of common software safety assurance principles can be observed from software assurance standards and industry best practice. We briefly describe these assurance principles and explain how they can be used as the basis for creating software safety arguments.

Quality is an important factor in software industry. Software quality depends upon the customer satisfaction which can be achieved through applying standards. In this era achieving quality software is very important because of the high customer demands. Developed countries are excelling in software industry and improving day by day. Meanwhile developing countries like Pakistan are struggling wi...