review: this paper followed that intellectual system of imam khamenei as a thought leader in the field of knowledge-based economy indigenous theory, examine. refresh these ideas will help provide a better picture of this area have and be familiar with the main routes and lines the knowledge-based economy. in this articel resistance economy in this article as one of the major strategies of the c...

The 500 million Indigenous Peoples are struggling to rebuild their ‘nations’ and improve their socioeconomic circumstances. Participation in the global economy through entrepreneurship is widely accepted as the key to success. Importantly, most want this participation to be ‘on their own terms—terms in which traditional lands, history, culture and values feature prominently. Using regulation th...

Using the example of smallholder oil palm production in Papua New Guinea the paper illustrates how elements of a market economy and modernity become enmeshed and partly transformed by local place-based nonmarket practices. The persistence, even efflorescence, of indigenous gift exchange in tandem with greater participation in the market economy challenges conventional notions regarding the stru...

The Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) States are in the transition toward a new, knowledge-based economy. As these states diversify from a petroleum-based economy to knowledge-based industries, the countries’ competitiveness and performance increasingly will depend on their abilities to foster an indigenous capacity for technological innovation. This paper presents a broad framework for a national...

this paper analyzes the reaction of the 9th government with workers and capitalists using game theory. the type of game between three players is static with perfect information. strategy of the players is determined through the use of hierarchical processes and network analysis method. the equilibrium between these three players is the nash type of equilibrium. in the hierarchical and network a...

This paper gives an account of the pirate media economy of Ecuador and its role in the emergence of indigenous Quichua-language media spaces, identifying the different parties involved in this economy, discussing their relationship to the parallel ‘‘legitimate’’ media economy, and considering the implications of this informal media market for Quichua linguistic and cultural reproduction. As dig...

The development of Indigenous political organizations in the Ecuadorian Amazon is illustrative of the state of affairs throughout the region. The moral economy that had governed inter-ethnic relations until recently has given way to a political economy in which Indigenous groups have come to understand the importance of defining the issues surrounding their relations with government agencies. T...