BAT1 (D6S81E, UAP56) lies in the central MHC between TNF and HLA-B, a region containing genes that affect susceptibility to immunopathologic disorders. BAT1 protein may be directly responsible for the genetic association, as antisense studies show it can down-regulate inflammatory cytokines. Here we investigate polymorphisms at positions -22 and -348 relative to the BAT1 transcription start sit...

BACKGROUND Gene duplication is a key evolutionary mechanism providing material for the generation of genes with new or modified functions. The fate of duplicated gene copies has been amply discussed and several models have been put forward to account for duplicate conservation. The specialization model considers that duplication of a bifunctional ancestral gene could result in the preservation ...

Ducroc R, Sakar Y, Fanjul C, Barber A, Bado A, Lostao MP. Luminal leptin inhibits L-glutamine transport in rat small intestine: involvement of ASCT2 and BAT1. Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol 299: G179–G185, 2010. First published May 6, 2010; doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00048.2010.—L-glutamine is the primary metabolic fuel for enterocytes. Glutamine from the diet is transported into the absorptive...

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms within the BAT1-NFKBIL1-LTA genomic region (6p21.3) and the LGALS2 gene (22q13.1), encoding a regulator for lymphotoxin-alpha, the product of the LTA gene, have been reported to be linked with the risk of myocardial infarction in Japanese. We employed nine polymorphisms from the BAT1-NFKBIL1-LTA region and one polymorphism from the LGALS2 gene, and investigated w...

The conserved target of rapamycin complex 1 (TORC1) integrates nutrient signals to orchestrate cell growth and proliferation. Leucine availability is conveyed to control TORC1 activity via the leu-tRNA synthetase/EGOC-GTPase module in yeast and mammals, but the mechanisms sensing leucine remain only partially understood. We show here that both leucine and its α-ketoacid metabolite, α-ketoisocap...

BACKGROUND It is not understood why only a subset of individuals infected with Trypanosoma cruzi develop chronic Chagas cardiomyopathy (CCC). Patients with CCC display high levels of circulating proinflammatory cytokines. Heart-infiltrating lymphocytes from patients with CCC also express proinflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor- alpha and interferon- gamma ) that are detectable in biops...

Introduction In clinical practice, reliable tools for monitoring specific immunotherapy (SIT) are of utmost importance. Aim To assess the usefulness of the basophil activation test (BAT) in monitoring SIT in paediatric patients with allergy to house dust mites (HDM). Material and methods Thirty-one children qualified for SIT with HDM, of whom 21 completed the SIT during the observation peri...

Romeo, Elisa, Mital H. Dave, Desa Bacic, Zorica Ristic, Simone M. R. Camargo, Johannes Loffing, Carsten A. Wagner, and François Verrey. Luminal kidney and intestine SLC6 amino acid transporters of BAT-cluster and their tissue distribution in Mus musculus. Am J Physiol Renal Physiol 290: F376–F383, 2006. First published September 20, 2005; doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00286.2005.— The B transport system...