Many problems of practical interest can be solved using tree search methods because carefully tuned successor ordering heuristics guide the search toward regions of the space that are likely to contain solutions. For some problems, the heuristics often lead directly to a solution| but not always. Limited discrepancy search addresses the problem of what to do when the heuristics fail. Our intuit...

We prove that any logarithmic binary tree admits a linear-area straight-line strictly-upward planar grid drawing (in short, strictly-upward drawing), that is, a drawing in which (a) each edge is mapped into a single straight-line segment, (b) each node is placed below its parent, (c) no two edges intersect, and (d) each node is mapped into a point with integer coordinates. Informally, a logarit...

Preferences can be aggregated using voting rules. We consider here the family of rules which perform a sequence of pairwise majority comparisons between two candidates. The winner thus depends on the chosen sequence of comparisons, which can be represented by a binary tree. We address the difficulty of computing candidates that win for some trees, and then introduce and study the notion of fair...

Abstract We report the discovery of a candidate binary system consisting black hole (BH) and red giant branch star in Gaia DR3. This was discovered from 64,108 solutions for which both astrometric spectroscopic data are available. For this system, consistent with each other, making confident BH binary. The primary (visible) DR3 5870569352746779008, is whose mass quite uncertain. Fortunately, de...

It has been shown that the cost W of a weight balanced binary tree satisfies the inequalities, H 5 W 5 H + 3, where H is the entropy of the set of the leaves. For a class of “smooth” distributions the inequalities, H 5 W 5 H + 2, are derived. These results imply that for sets with large entropy the search times provided by such trees cannot be substantially shortened when binary decisions are b...

Author(s): R. Kazemi and M. Q. Vahidi-Asl Abstract: What today we call digital search tree (DST) is Coffman and Eve’s sequence tree introduced in 1970. A digital search tree is a binary tree whose ordering of nodes is based on the values of bits in the binary representation of a node’s key. In fact, a digital search tree is a digital tree in which strings (keys, words) are stored directly in in...

This report investigates two approaches for online pattern-matching in files compressed with the Burrows-Wheeler transform (Burrows & Wheeler 1994). The first is based on the Boyer-Moore pattern matching algorithm (Boyer & Moore 1977), and the second is based on binary search. The new methods use the special structure of the BurrowsWheeler transform to achieve efficient, robust pattern matching...

We propose to maintain a Binary Search Tree in the form of a forest in such a way that – (a) it provides faster node access and, (b) it becomes more compatible with the concurrent environment. Using a small array, the stated goals were achieved without applying any restructuring algorithm. Empirically, we have shown that the proposed method brings down the total internal pathlength of a Binary ...

Binary code embedding methods can effectively compensate the quantization error of bag-of-words (BoW) model and remarkably improve the image search performance. However, the existing embedding schemes commonly generate binary code by projecting local feature from original feature space into a compact binary space. The spatial relationship between the local feature and its neighbors are ignored....