Quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models are widely used for in silico prediction of in vivo toxicity of drug candidates or environmental chemicals, adding value to candidate selection in drug development or in a search for less hazardous and more sustainable alternatives for chemicals in commerce. The development of traditional QSAR models is enabled by numerical descriptors ...

The role that in vitro systems can play in toxicological risk assessment is determined by the appropriateness of the chosen methods, with respect to the way in which in vitro data can be extrapolated to the in vivo situation. This report presents the results of a workshop aimed at better defining the use of in vitro-derived biomarkers of toxicity (BoT) and determining the place these data can h...

Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a unicellular green alga, has been used in bioassay detection of a variety of toxic compounds such as pesticides and toxic metals, but mainly using liquid culture systems. In this study, an algal lawn-agar system for semi-quantitative bioassay of herbicidal activities has been developed. Sixteen different herbicides belonging to 11 different categories were applied to...

BACKGROUND The use of plants for healing by any cultural group is integrally related to local concepts of the nature of disease, the nature of plants, and the world view of the culture. The physical and chemical properties of the plants themselves also bear on their selection by people for medicines, as does the array of plants available for people to choose from. I examine use of medicinal pla...

Developing reliable and eco-friendly processes for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is an essential step in the field of application of nanotechnology .Using natural factories such as biological systems is a way of developing such processes. Nowadays, the synthesis of silver nanoparticles is very common due to its numerous applications in different fields. The synthesis of these nanopart...

A nanofluid is a dilute liquid suspension of particles with at least one critical dimension smaller than ~100 nm. Research works so far suggest that nanofluids offer excellent heat transfer enhancement over conventional base fluids. The enhancement depends on several factors such as particle shape, particle size distribution, volume fraction of nanoparticles, temperature, pH, and thermal conduc...

Poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) has attracted a considerable amount of interest for biomedical application due to its biocompatibility, tailored biodegradation rate (depending on the molecular weight and copolymer ratio), approval for clinical use in humans by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA), the potential to change surface properties to create better interaction with biologica...

Developing reliable and eco-friendly processes for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is an essential step in the field of application of nanotechnology .Using natural factories such as biological systems is a way of developing such processes. Nowadays, the synthesis of silver nanoparticles is very common due to its numerous applications in different fields. The synthesis of these nanopart...

developing reliable and eco-friendly processes for the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles is an essential step in the field of application of nanotechnology .using natural factories such as biological systems is a way of developing such processes. nowadays, the synthesis of silver nanoparticles is very common due to its numerous applications in different fields. the synthesis of these nanopart...

the overall goal of this review is to discuss the potential efficacy of herbal treatments. plants are considered among the main sources of biologically active chemicals. plant based drugs usage in our past decay became very renowned due to their fewer side effects and being less expensive than chemical ones. recently, more abrupt tendency in this field has been increased. furthermore, advances ...