Wood decay mechanisms in Agaricomycotina have been traditionally separated in two categories termed white and brown rot. Recently the accuracy of such a dichotomy has been questioned. Here, we present the genome sequences of the white-rot fungus Cylindrobasidium torrendii and the brown-rot fungus Fistulina hepatica both members of Agaricales, combining comparative genomics and wood decay experi...

Brown-rot fungi are Basidiomycetes that remove cellulose and other polysaccharides from wood, leaving an amorphous, brown, crumbly residue that is composed largely of lignin, hence the name brown-rot. Decay by brown-rot fungi is by far the most serious type of damage to wood in-service. These fungi cause structural failure before losses in total wood substance are detected. The effect of brown-...

feijoa as a fruit crop and ornamental tree is cultivated in the subtropics and warm temperate areas of the world including brazil, united states, new zealand and japan. a new disease with brown rot symptom on fruit occurred in feijoa orchards of northern iran in which it has become popular as a fruit crop. the objective of the present study was isolation and identification of the causal pathoge...

Basidiomycota (basidiomycetes) make up 32% of the described fungi and include most wood-decaying species, as well as pathogens and mutualistic symbionts. Wood-decaying basidiomycetes have typically been classified as either white rot or brown rot, based on the ability (in white rot only) to degrade lignin along with cellulose and hemicellulose. Prior genomic comparisons suggested that the two d...

Resistance of wood reacted in situ with phosphorus pentoxide-amine to the brown-rot fungus Gloeophyllum trabeum and white-rot fungus Trametes versicolor was examined. Wood reacted with either octyl, tribromo, or nitro derivatives were more resistant to both fungi. Threshold retention values of phosphoramide-reacted wood to white-rot fungus T. versicolor ranged from 2.9 to 13.3 mmol, while these...

Cellulose degradation by four cellulose-clearing brown-rot fungi in the Coniophoraceae-Coniophora prasinoides, C. puteana, Leucogyrophana arizonica, and L. olivascens-is compared with that of a non-cellulose-clearing brown-rot fungus, Poria placenta. The cellulose- and the non-cellulose-clearing brown-rot fungi apparently employ similar mechanisms to depolymerize cellulose; most likely a nonenz...

Interest in understanding how brown-rot fungi decay wood has received increasing interest in recent years because of a need to identify novel targets that can be inhibited for the next generation of antifungal wood preservatives. Brown-rot fungi are unique in that they can degrade holocellulose (cellulose and hemicellulose) in wood without first removing the lignin. Furthermore, they degrade ho...

Brown rot fungi Gloeophyllum trabeum and Postia placenta were used to degrade aspen, spruce, or corn stover over 16 weeks. Decayed residues were saccharified using commercial cellulases or brown rot fungal extracts, loaded at equal but low endoglucanase titers. Saccharification was then repeated for high-yield samples using full strength commercial cellulases. Overall, brown rot pretreatments e...

Brown rot, also known as bacterial wilt, is one of the most destructive diseases of potato. The disease has been estimated to affect about 3.75 million acres in approximately 80 countries throughout the world with global damage estimates currently over $950 million per year. The disease is known to occur in the wet tropics, sub-tropics and some temperate regions of the world. In the United Stat...

Basidiomycetes that cause brown rot of wood are essential biomass recyclers in coniferous forest ecosystems and a major cause of failure in wooden structures. Recent work indicates that distinct lineages of brown rot fungi have arisen independently from ligninolytic white rot ancestors via loss of lignocellulolytic enzymes. Brown rot thus proceeds without significant lignin removal, apparently ...