Background and aims: The property loss and physical injuries due to fire events in buildings demonstrate the necessity of implementation of efficient and performance based fire safety measures. Effective and high efficiency protection is possible when design and selection of protection measures are based on risk assessment. This study aims at presenting a software method to make possible sele...

After World War II, United States became a global superpower in the world. Although with having little experience in the war with other countries and the emergence of new states in these countries, the US entered the realm of nation-building with the change of government in Germany and Japan. The establishment of the United Nations at this time did not contribute much to the issue of nation-sta...

Background and purpose: Lack of healthy air in classrooms and homes will reduce the level of health and disrupts students’ learning. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between CO2 concentration and other environmental parameters with sick building syndrome in schools and homes in Babol, north of Iran, 2018. Materials and methods: To measure carbon dioxide, temperature, and...

The growing process of building design and construction, regardless of reducing sources of energy, is one of the threats to the environment and human life. Therefore it is necessary that design strategies in new buildings be orientated to the aim of reducing energy consumption and environmental pollution. Earth sheltering is a passive idea that reduces building energy consumption and ensure...

Green architecture, or green design, is an approach to building that minimizes harmful effects on human health and the environment. The “green” architect or designer attempts to safeguard air, water, and earth by choosing eco-friendly building materials and construction practices. So, green architecture is Building and structure design philosophy that aims at minimal use of non-renewable and/or...