this paper identifies characteristics of business cycles in iran, applying hodrick-prescott (hp) and band-pass (bp) filters. using seasonal and anual data for 1970-2003, it is found that oil income is the key driving factor of business cycles in the iranian economy. furthermore, it is indicated that iran's economy has experienced seven business cycles during this period, in which the econo...

this paper analyses and compares the performances of business-to-business e-commerce data quality and service quality among the use of the ‘push’ and ‘pull’ models. rosettanet’s original partner interface processes use the ‘push’ model which suffers from data redundancy when the volume of business-to-business transaction increases. however, when the ‘pull’ model is used, although it reduces dat...

the current study examines the impact of trade openness and business environment on foreign direct investment among 23 countries in southwest asia over the period 2004 to 2012. the research approach is econometric and the generalized regression of panel data was used to test the effect of the variables of interest. the results show that trade openness directly (coefficient of 0.002, p-value = 0...

web 2.0 is not a single technology or standard but rather a set of concepts and features. web 2.0 concepts and features call for further attention. since, previous studies have only addressed only some of these concepts and features. in order to give a comprehensive view of web 2.0, these features are collected through literature review and a framework of web 2.0 features is presented. also, du...

the aim of this research is the investigation the relationship between the capital structure and institutional ownership mid to the other effective factors on this relation in tehran stock exchange. the others factors include the percentage of stock dividend, profitability, business risk, assets structure, liquidity, growth, and company size. the statistical population of the research is 117 li...

The need for small and medium scale enterprises to utilize information and communication technology (ICT) applications to boost their business necessitated this study which bordered on assessing the extent of utilization of e-marketing applications by small and medium enterprises in South Eastern States of Nigeria. Two research questions guided the study. Two null hypotheses were tested at 0.05...

Due to violent and ferocious competition and global changes of new trends, directions and new ways of doing business, financial institutions grapple with new challenges and opportunities in today business. The advancement in technology, information and communication has forced banks and financial institutions into hard competition.  In this new technology era, people as the customers are t...