extension of the building advance-sale contracts on the one hand, and inadequacy of the provisions of the civil code on protection of  building advance-buyers before making its completion, on the other, consequently causing many problems for people in the community (society), has forced the legislature to pass the building advance-sale code in 2010. the parties of these contracts are called adv...

In many negotiations, rules are soft in the sense that the seller and/or buyers may break them at some cost. When buyers have private values, we show that the cost of such opportunistic behavior (whether by the buyers or the seller) is borne entirely by the seller in equilibrium, in the form of lower revenues. Consequently, the seller is willing to pay an auctioneer to credibly commit to a mech...

On line Knowledge e-marketplaces (Ke-markets) posses some special challenges for buyers and sellers. Unlike most markets, the product of exchange has some unique characteristics. It is mostly intangible, making it difficult for the buyer to assess and value beforehand. Its value is contextdependent, making it difficult for the supplier to price it in a transparent marketplace of multiple buyers...

This article presents an evaluation approach for alternative electronic market designs and examines the impact of introducing an IT-enabled innovation (a social communication tool to support group coordination) in an online group-buying market in terms of group decision-making and economic performance. Drawing on theory from economics, decision theory, and information systems, we present a comp...

Item reviews are a valuable source of information for potential buyers, who are looking for information on a product’s attributes before making a purchase decision. This search of information is often hindered by overwhelming numbers of available reviews, as well as low-quality and noisy content. While a significant amount of research has been devoted to filtering and organizing review corpora ...

Problem statement: Due to a behavior of buyers effects to a growth of marketing, then a group of agreement of buyers and buyers’ behavior on eventually placing orders are investigating. Approach: In this study, a discrete-time consensus protocol for a scale-free buyer networks is proposed. Herein, an initial purchase intention of each buyer is defined to be active or non-active and an impulse s...

Current electronic marketplaces emphasize the singular importance of price in matching buyers and sellers. Unable to adequately express their underlying preferences for all relevant attributes, buyers and sellers are forced to partake in an inflexible and antagonistic price-centric interplay. The result is an unfortunate, zero-sum circumstance of adversarial competitiveness, in which one party ...

In this paper, we introduce a distributed consensus protocol for coordinating orders of a network of buyers also called agents/decision makers. Each buyer chooses a different threshold strategy, defining its intention to place an order only if at least other l buyers will do the same. We prove that consensus is reached asymptotically globally and coordination is the same that if the decision ma...