Symmetries of a Place/Transition-net can be exploited during the reachability analysis by considering only one representative marking in each orbit induced by the symmetries. In this report, three new algorithms for transforming a marking into a symmetric canonical representative marking are described. All the algorithms depend on the precalculation of a SchreierSims representation for the symm...

The purpose of this study was to investigate whether or not Japanese children with specific language impairment (henceforth; SLI) would in fact experience difficulty with grammatical case-marking. The participants were 10 Japanese children with SLI, aged 7;7 to 11;4, and 25 Japanese children with typical language development (henceforth; TLD), aged 8;11 to 9;11. In this study, a sentence comple...

a emph{signed graph} (or, in short, emph{sigraph}) $s=(s^u,sigma)$ consists of an underlying graph $s^u :=g=(v,e)$ and a function $sigma:e(s^u)longrightarrow {+,-}$, called the signature of $s$. a emph{marking} of $s$ is a function $mu:v(s)longrightarrow {+,-}$. the emph{canonical marking} of a signed graph $s$, denoted $mu_sigma$, is given as $$mu_sigma(v) := prod_{vwin e(s)}sigma(vw).$$the li...

Computational complexity of the sub-tasks appearing in the symmetry reduction method for Place/Transition-nets is studied. The first task of finding the automorphisms (symmetries) of a net is shown to be polynomial time many-one equivalent to the problem of finding the automorphisms of a graph. The problem of deciding whether two markings are symmetric is shown to be equivalent to the graph iso...

Abstract This article describes the gender system of Longuda. Longuda class marking is alliterative and does not distinguish between nominal form agreement marking. While it thus appears to be a prototypical example traditional Niger-Congo “noun-class” system, this identity encoding makes look morpho-syntactic rather than lexical. points formerly independent status exponents classification, whi...

In this work we analyze objects with non-canonical case markers in Turkish. We show that semantic factors give rise to non-canonical case marking and try to determine criteria to decide on the grammatical function status of non-canonical objects. We conclude that ablative partitives and dative objects participating in an affectedness alternation should be analyzed as straightforward objects (OB...

this research is designed to produce detailed descriptions of the morphological ergativity in three south asian languages. the chosen sample includes hindi/urdu, pashto and balochi, as morphologically enough to achieve the goals and generalizations of the research. the study presents the range of variation in case and agreement marking in these south asian descendants of the common indo-iranian...

This paper describes the reality status system of Nanti (Arawak) and argues that it constitutes an instance of a canonical reality status system. The relevance of such a system is examined in the light of literature that casts doubt on the typological validity of reality status as cross-linguistic grammatical category. It is shown that reality status in Nanti is an obligatory inflectional categ...

Regulatory T cells (Treg) are integral for immune homeostasis. Here we demonstrate that canonical microRNAs (miRNAs) are required for Treg function because mice with DGCR8-deficient Treg cells spontaneously develop a scurfy-like disease. Using genetic lineage marking we show that absence of miRNAs leads to reduced FoxP3 expression in Treg cells in vivo. In vitro culture of purified DGCR8-defici...

Complete denture fabrication in clinically compromised situations such as flabby ridges is a challenging task for the clinician. Accurate impressioning of these tissues plays a major role in ensuring a well-fitting prosthesis. In this paper, the authors have proposed a newer technique of impression making of the flabby tissues using a combination of readily available newer and older materials t...