Background: A mechanism for emission reductions from deforestation and degradation (REDD) is very likely to be included in a future climate agreement. The choice of REDD baseline methodologies will crucially influence the environmental and economic effectiveness of the climate regime. We compare three different historical baseline methods and one innovative dynamic model baseline approach to ap...

The African continent has a large and growing role in the global carbon cycle, with potentially important climate change implications. However, the sparse observation network in and around the African continent means that Africa is one of the weakest links in our understanding of the global carbon cycle. Here, we combine data from regional and global inventories as well as forward and inverse m...

The requirements for modelling photosynthesis and related processes within the framework of a Functional-Structural Plant Model (FSPM; cf. Vos et al. this volume) are discussed. A combined local gas (carbon dioxide, water vapour) and radiant energy exchange model (GREM) is presented, that was specified to be embedded into an FSPM. The model accounts for the effect of organ nitrogen content (N) ...

Background: Coarse and fine woody debris are substantial forest ecosystem carbon stocks; however, there is a lack of understanding how these detrital carbon stocks vary across forested landscapes. Because forest woody detritus production and decay rates may partially depend on climatic conditions, the accumulation of coarse and fine woody debris carbon stocks in forests may be correlated with c...

The effect of warm-season precipitation on the diel cycle of the surface energy balance and carbon dioxide at a Colorado subalpine forest site S. P. Burns, P. D. Blanken, A. A. Turnipseed, and R. K. Monson Department of Geography, University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado, USA National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, Colorado, USA 2B Technologies, Inc., Boulder, Colorado, USA School o...

A simplified grape carbon balance model, called VitiSim, was adapted from the simplified apple carbon balance model developed earlier. The model uses a daily time step, a big-leaf daily canopy photosynthesis light response and respiration of organs based on mass and specific respiration rates. Weather inputs are only daily max and min temperatures and radiation. Partitioning is based on the bal...

background: substitution of arterial with venous blood samples to estimate blood gas status is highly preferable due to practical and safety concerns. numerous studies support the substitution of arterial by venous blood samples, reporting strong correlations between arterial and venous values. this study further investigated the predictive ability of venous blood samples for arterial acid-base...