introduction: cardiac dysfunctions have been well known in patients with major thalassemia. some studies have focused on differences in blood pressure and heart rate between these patients and normal population, while this view has not been proven in other studies. given the importance of hemodynamic factors in the health of these individuals, we intend to test the hypothesis as to whether or n...

We faithfully read the article "General and Gender Characteristics of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Among the Younger and Older Age Groups" written by Samir Burhanaldin Al-Mukhtar et al. with a great interest.1 The authors concluded that younger type 2 diabetics (<60 years), particularly females, had cardiovascular risk factors in significantly higher rates; including dyslipidemia, smoking habits, h...

Department of Cardiac Surgery, Hospital Cruz Vermelha, Lisbon, Portugal; Department of Physiology and Cardiothoracic Surgery, Cardiovascular Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal; Department of Cardiovascular Science, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK; 3rd Department of Medicine, Cardiology and Emergency Medicine, Wilhelminenhospital, Vienna, Austria; C...

This paper presents several informative and educational tools aimed to explain some mechanisms of Miocardial Infarction and Stroke, their risk factors and their prevention. Such educational and informative documents are in English and consist of texts, images, videos, animations and games. They are downloadable for free and can be used with the method considered by the teacher as most appropria...

Calcium channel blockers, beta adrenergic receptor blockers and Na/K ATPase inhibitors are widely used drugs, mainly for cardiovascular diseases. Their pharmacological targets are not restricted to the cardivascular tissue, nociceptive system structures also express similar targets, which strongly suggests a direct effect on pain sensation. To evaluate the pain intensity changes in outpatient g...

Rare disorders are defined as diseases, including those of genetic origin, which are life-threatening or chronically debilitating, which are of such low prevalence that special combined efforts are needed to address them. We present a case with a rare association between two genetic conditions: Turner phenotype and beta thalassemia minor. Turner syndrome is a chromosomal disorder that is charac...