BACKGROUND Although the inhibitory role of the 5-hydroxytrypatmine receptor 7(5-HT7R) on nociceptive processing is generally recognized, an excitatory effect associated with a reduced 5-HT7R expression has also been observed in the nerve injury model. In the carrageenan model, no significant effect is produced by the 5-HT7R activation, but the change in 5-HT7R expression has not been examined. ...

Foods A recent review of the toxicology of carrageenan by Tobacman (1) raised questions about the safety of carageenan-containing foods. Intact carageenan is a high molecular weight hydrocolloid (molecular weight 1.5–20 × 106). One concern has focused on the potential for degraded (low molecular weight) carageenan to be formed by acid hydrolysis in the stomach and the possibility that this mate...

Polymer electrolyte membranes based on the natural polymer κ-carrageenan were modified and characterized for application in electrochemical devices. In general, pure κ-carrageenan membranes show a low ionic conductivity. New membranes were developed by chemically modifying κ-carrageenan via phosphorylation to produce O-methylene phosphonic κ-carrageenan (OMPC), which showed enhanced membrane co...

Although nitrated proteins have been repeatedly used as markers of lung injury, little is known about their formation and metabolism under hyperoxia. We therefore measured 3-nitrotyrosine (3NTYR) concentrations in lung tissue and serum of rats with carrageenan-induced pneumonia exposed to hyperoxia. Twenty-nine Wistar male rats were assigned to one of 4 groups. Two experimental groups were trea...

Kappaphycus alvarezii is a carrageenan-producing red seaweed that widely cultivated in Nusa Lembongan waters, Bali, Indonesia. Carrageenan generally extracted using an alkaline base,. iIn this study three different types of alkali were used to extract carrageenan originating from Waters. This aims determine the quality extraction. The alkalis KOH, NaOH, Ca(OH)2, and distilled water as control. ...

background medicinal plants are believed to be important sources of new chemical substances with potential therapeutic effects. washingtonia filifera is characterized by its high content of flavonoids. numerous studies suggest that flavonoids have potential for the prevention and treatment of several diseases. objectives this study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory activity of the wash...

objective(s):recently anti-inflammatory effects of antidepressants have been demonstrated. venlafaxine belongs to newer antidepressants with serotonin norepinephrine reuptake inhibition property. the pain alleviating properties of venlafaxine in different pain models such as neurogenic pain, diabetic neuropathy, and fibromyalgia have been demonstrated. anti-inflammatory effects of venlafaxine a...

The present study was designed to explore the anti-inflammatory effect of fluvoxamine, as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) anti-depressant, on carrageenan-induced paw edema in more details. At first, fluvoxamine was administered intra-peritoneally (2.5, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg Kg-1) 30 min before the subplantar injection of carrageenan. Fluvoxamine was also injected intra-peritoneally...

The present study was designed to explore the anti-inflammatory effect of fluvoxamine, as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) anti-depressant, on carrageenan-induced paw edema in more details. At first, fluvoxamine was administered intra-peritoneally (2.5, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg Kg-1) 30 min before the subplantar injection of carrageenan. Fluvoxamine was also injected intra-peritoneally...

The present study was designed to explore the anti-inflammatory effect of fluvoxamine, as a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) anti-depressant, on carrageenan-induced paw edema in more details. At first, fluvoxamine was administered intra-peritoneally (2.5, 12.5, 25 and 50 mg Kg(-1)) 30 min before the subplantar injection of carrageenan. Fluvoxamine was also injected intra-peritoneal...