Background Staging vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) might be useful for sample selection in clinical trials and for guiding clinical decision-making. Clinical dementia rating (CDR) has been applied for staging cognitive impairments of different etiologies, but it may underestimate severity of non-Alzheimer's disease cognitive deficits. Methods Out of a total of 147 elderly subjects, 23 (me...

BACKGROUND Acute rheumatic fever and subsequent rheumatic heart disease remain significant in developing countries. We describe a cost-effective analysis of 7 strategies for the primary prevention of acute rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease in children presenting with pharyngitis in urban primary care clinics in South Africa. METHODS AND RESULTS We used a Markov model to assess the c...

Reaching a diagnosis may be difficult in the initial stages of dementia, especially in low educated individuals, when informant reports may be useful. Objectives To compare the sensitivity and specificity of the IQCODE against cognitive tests applied in clinical practice and to evaluate the possible cut-off points in Brazil. Methods Individuals without dementia (CDR=0; N=5), with Mild Cogni...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study is to apply cognitive rehabilitation according to Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients' level of cognitive functioning to compare changes in Cognitive Assessment Reference Diagnosis System performance and present standards for effective intervention. [Subjects] Subjects were 30 inpatients diagnosed with AD. Subjects were grouped by Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR)...

OBJECTIVE The integration of the Common Drug Review (CDR) was a substantial change for Canada's public drug plans. Detailed comparisons of time-to-listing and proportion of medications covered by the province of Alberta's drug plans within the context of the CDR process have not been rigorously conducted. METHODS New drugs approved by Health Canada were identified five years prior to the CDR'...

A synthetic phage-displayed antibody repertoire was constructed with equivalent chemical diversity in the third complementarity-determining regions of the heavy (CDR-H3) and light (CDR-L3) chains, which contrasts with natural antibodies in which CDR-H3 is much more diverse than CDR-L3 due to the genetic mechanisms that generate antibody encoding genes. Surprisingly, the synthetic repertoire yie...

BACKGROUND/AIMS We investigated quantitative/qualitative changes of instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) in people with a Clinical Dementia Rating (CDR) of 0.5. METHODS IADLs were evaluated in older residents: CDR of 0 (healthy) and CDR 0.5 (questionable/very mild dementia). The subjects with CDR 0.5 were divided into 2 types: the very mild Alzheimer's disease (vmAD) type and the ot...