objectives: tourette syndrome is a disorder with motor and vocal tics, which has many psychiatric comorbidities. attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (adhd) is one of co-morbid features of this syndrome. the aim of this research is studying tourette and co morbidity adhd in school age children. one of our purposes is to identify the range of adhd in iranian tourette patients. methods: thirt...

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) is a potentially fatal autoimmune mucocutaneous blistering disease. Although PV occurs predominantly in adulthood, in the 3rd to 5th decades of life, there have rarely been reports of childhood cases which are often misdiagnosed. It presents as oral blisters that rupture rapidly and progress to painful erosions. Most patients develop cutaneous flaccid blisters that ruptu...

Osteosarcoma (OS) is the eighth common cancer of childhood and its incidence is 4 cases in one million in children younger than 14. Facial OS incidence is estimated between 8 and 10% of OS cases. The main etiology of OS is unknown, but various predisposing factors are proposed such as radiation, radiotherapy, some benign bone diseases like Paget’s disease or fibrous dysplasia. There is a 5-year...