This paper reports estimates of the prevalence of mental retardation and associated factors based on a population survey of 2- to 9-year-old children in Greater Karachi, Pakistan. A two-phase survey was implemented during the years 1988-1989. In the first phase, a cluster sample of 6,365 children (5,748 from urban areas and 617 from rural areas) was screened for disabilities using a parental re...

We report data on a group of 37 VCFS patients with specific reference to their intelligence, behaviour, and social competence. Fifty five percent of the children had a borderline to normal IQ. Mental retardation (defined as IQ < 70 or > -2 SD below the mean) was found in 45%. In the majority, the mental retardation was mild (38%) and only two patients had moderate mental retardation. Severe men...

This study aims to determine how the experience of parents in caring for mentally disabled children. research method uses a qualitative descriptive phenomenological approach. The results obtained six themes, namely (1). response when their child is said be RM, (2). RM child's birth weight, (3). RM's parenting pattern, (4). Parents' efforts train children's independence, (5). form family support...

Familial patterns of mental retardation were examined among white and black children in the NINCDS Collaborative Perinatal Project population. Among whites, the mildly retarded children had more affected relatives than did the severely retarded, consistent with the traditional two-group theory of mental retardation. In blacks, where differences in family patterns between the mildly and the seve...

Used the National Health Interview Survey, Child Health Supplement for 1981 and 1988, to analyze parent-reported behavior problems of children, ages 4-17 years, with cerebral palsy (n = 47), with mental retardation (n = 50), with other chronic conditions (n = 6,038), and with no known health problem (n = 5,930), using the Behavior Problem Index (developed by Zill & Peterson). Behaviors with sco...

In 29 children with mental retardation and infantile spasms, cranial computed tomography findings were abnormal in 75% and this finding may lead to modification of treatment or influence genetic counseling. In 41 children with mental retardation and other forms of epilepsy abnormal computed tomography findings were much less frequent and were not relevant to treatment.

Mental retardation (MR) is a common form of cognitive impairment among children. The underlying causes of mental retardation are extremely heterogeneous and include significant genetic factors. Long chain fatty acid-CoA ligase 4 is the first gene shown to be involved in mental retardation and fatty-acid metabolism. FACL4 gene mutations in three Italian MR pedigrees have been reported as causing...

the main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of different combinations of music and rhythmic movements on behavioral problems of children with mild mental retardation. a total of 40 children with mild mental retardation were randomly divided into 4 variations of practice including: rhythmic movement with major scale music, rhythmic movement with minor scale music, rhythmi...

Mental retardation is a general decline in intellectual function that occurs during childhood development and associated with impaired social adaptation. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between knowledge parenting styles parents on children mental retardation. research method descriptive cross sectional approach. data collection technique used total sampling 44 respo...