Introduction: The elevated endogenous opioid tone in cholestasis is associated with changes including an increase in the nociception threshold. We aimed to study the effect of chlorpheniramine and hydroxyzine, H1-receptor antagonists, on modulation of nociception in a model of elevated endogenous opioid tone, cholestasis. Methods: Cholestasis was induced by ligation of main bile duct using ...

Introduction & Objective: Obstructive cholestasis is associated with overproduction of endogenous opioids , nitric oxide and cytokins in the blood streams. These consequences may affect sex hormones since proper fertility will be resulted from physiological balance of sex hormones, we investigated the relationship between obstructive cholestasis and gonadotropins and sperm parameters in adult m...

Impaired motor functions were reported in cholestatic animals. This disorder in the function and death of motor neurons is highly dependent on changes in the environment around astrocytes and the blood-brain barrier, which is moderated by the aquaporin 4 protein. For this reason, the effects of cholestasis on motor cortex histology and morphology and aquaporin 4 protein levels were investigated...

Background and purpose: Morphine as an opioid compound has different and sometimes conflicting effects on memory and learning process. Bile duct ligation causes cholestasis, which disrupts liver function. It is known that opioid systems are involved in cholestasis. The aim of this study was to investigate the possible effect of morphine on the memory of cholestatic rats. Materials and methods:...