It is often important to take country specific institutional features into account in a political economic analysis. We do so in an analysis of Albania. It is argued that the politico-economic system there is characterized by the existence of clans. We study the role of clans by estimating vote functions. The results show major differences across clans in response to government policies. Estima...

Online gamers form clans voluntarily to play together and to discuss their real and virtual lives. Although these clans have diverse goals, they seek to increase their rank in the game community by winning more battles. Communications among clan members and battles with other clans may influence the performance of a clan. In this study, we compared the effects of communication structure inside ...

The Rfam database contains information about non-coding RNAs emphasizing their secondary structures and organizing them into families of homologous RNA genes or functional RNA elements. Recently, a higher order organization of Rfam in terms of the so-called clans was proposed along with its "decimal release". In this proposition, some of the families have been assigned to clans based on experim...

The tradition of clans is apt to play an important role in the social set-up of any community, a clan being an aggregation of particular families having the same ancestors. However, there are some controversies regarding the origin of clans among the tribal grouping of Madhya Pradesh, a state in Central India. The important tribal communities of Madhya Pradesh are the Gond, Bheel, Kol, Auranb, ...

PURPOSE A percentage of trabecular meshwork (TM) cells in tissue and organ culture have been shown to contain cross-linked actin networks (CLANs) when exposed to dexamethasone, as have TM cultures derived from glaucomatous individuals. The purpose of this study was to determine whether CLANs exist within TM cells in situ in tissue unmanipulated by culturing, thereby eliminating the possibility ...

Resident killer whales off British Columbia form four acoustically distinct clans, each with a unique dialect of discrete pulsed calls. Three clans belong to the northern and one to the southern community. Resident killer whales also produce tonal whistles, which play an important role in close-range communication within the northern community. However, there has been no comparative analysis of...

Sperm whales (Physeter macrocephalus) are unusual in that there is good evidence for sympatric populations with distinct culturally determined behaviour, including potential acoustic markers of the population division. In the Pacific, socially segregated, vocal clans with distinct dialects coexist; by contrast, geographical variation in vocal repertoire in the Atlantic has been attributed to dr...

In the multilevel societies of hamadryas baboons, adult males can be attached to single one-male units (OMUs) or to clans containing several such OMUs. This paper examines the effect of male number and rivalry between males within a clan on their ability to compete for access to a clumped food resource. The data come from a study of a multilevel colony of hamadryas baboons (Papio hamadryas hama...

This annotated bibliography focuses on issues of power, participation and governance in relation to Somali networks. There is a healthy body of academic literature examining Somali social structures, including networks and clans. Specific detail on the power relations and differentials between and within clans, however, is scarce. Experts attribute this lack of knowledge to the complexity and f...