one of the important subjects of comparative literature_ in french school_ is studying common contents between literature of different languages and separating literati’s initiatives and borrowing from other authors in the same or another language by them. with this aspect. using analytic – comparative metod, this study compares poems of abu tayyib al-muttanabbi_ as one of the most impressive a...

At the time of its publication, Nima Yushij’s “Qoqnus” (The Phoenix) emerged as a radical departure from the norms and conventions of classical Persian poetry. Nima employed phoenix symbolism in this poem to present his zeal for a literary renaissance. Likewise, George Darley (1795-1846), the Irish Romantic poet who found himself lonely and isolated at the mitigating time borders of Romanticism...

After a brilliant career at the heart of empire, the ‘Abbam sid court poet alBu D hturi found himself disillusioned with royal patronage. In AD 883 he set out in doleful mood to find solace in the vestiges of another empire which his own people, the Muslim Arabs, had humbled and defeated two centuries earlier: Sasanid Persia and the by now abandoned ruins of its capital, Ctesiphon. The contempl...

We apply topic modeling to classifying the genre of Ghazal, a form common in Persian poetry. We show that a classifier based on automatically-generated topics exposes important information with only a small performance penalty: the top discriminative topics can be manually aligned with themes prevalent in the associated genres, as identified by scholars of literature. We also weigh in on a long...

L-System is a parallel rewriting system and a type of formal grammar, which was introduced to be used in describing the behavior of plant cells, modeling the growth processes of plant development, the morphology of organisms, and generating self-similar fractals. The mentioned applications lie in the field of pattern formation. However, to the best of our knowledge, visual forming of a language...

This article reflects philosophical ideas in the Shahnameh poem. Analysis of teachings, study place knowledge philosophy, man and culture. Firdousi’s Shakhnoma memorably repeated history Persian kings, strengthened influence language as a literary medium, preserved Iran's ancient glory, its political ethics cultural identity.

With great interest, I read Kompanje’s (2006) clinical case report about a remarkable penis-shortening device invented in 1593 by the surgeon Hildanus. With this letter, I want to point your readers to an even older description of a similar device—not by a medical scholar, but by the great Persian humanist, philosopher, and poet Jalal-ud-Din Muhammad Rumi (1207–1273). In his poem, ‘‘The Importa...

Parvin Iʿtisami (1907–1941), the first important twentieth-century woman poet of Iran, was well versed in classical Persian poetry. Her knowledge English language and education at American school for girls as her father’s translations from foreign literature contributed to appreciation modern ideas, including women’s rights. Unlike some contemporaries early twentieth century who tried revolutio...

We take the generation of Chinese classical poem lines as a sequence-to-sequence learning problem, and build a novel system based on the RNN Encoder-Decoder structure to generate quatrains (Jueju in Chinese), with a topic word as input. Our system can jointly learn semantic meaning within a single line, semantic relevance among lines in a poem, and the use of structural, rhythmical and tonal pa...