for the past 3 decades, creating industrial clusters have been considered as an approach for the development of most small and medium enterprises. the goal of this programme is that all small and medium enterprises locating in a certain geoghraphic area can concentrate on cluster approach to collaborate in market research, production design, training and other activities that are not economical...

We present a view on software systems and emphasize that a software system creates the user’s conceptual model. Regarding a software developer as a user, we point out the existence of a gap between the conceptual model of a software development system and the software developer’s conceptual model of a software system. To minimize this gap, extending software development systems to support archi...

Foreword From 1997 onwards, the Finnish Government decided to allocate additional funding to research and development and launch a new type of programmes, cluster programmes. The Finnish Forest Cluster Programme (Wood Wisdom) is one of these eight cluster programmes. The aim of the cluster programmes is to generate new knowledge and services by breaking the traditional barriers between discipli...

The study relates to the problem of cluster management in the conditions of sustainable development. Against the background of the assumptions and conditions for sustainable development, the specificity of the cluster activity in the conditions of the Polish economy has been presented. The objective of the paper is to characterize the cluster management standards in Poland. Such standards have ...

Project Energize is a through-school nutrition and activity programme that is being evaluated in a 2-year, cluster-randomised, longitudinal study. The present paper describes the background of the programme and study, the programme development and delivery, the study methodology including randomisation, measurement and analysis tools and techniques, and the mix of the study population. The prog...

BACKGROUND Programmes that promote early psychological development of children in the developed world have been found to be beneficial. However, such programmes are rare in underprivileged parts of the developing world. We adapted one such parent-based programme (Learning Through Play) for a rural Pakistani population and aimed to study if: (1) it was acceptable to community health workers; (2)...

BACKGROUND Older people with intellectual disabilities have very low physical activity levels. Well designed, theory-driven and evidence-based health promotion programmes for the target population are lacking. This paper describes the design of a cluster-randomised trial for a systematically developed health promotion programme aimed at improving physical activity and increasing fitness among s...

BACKGROUND Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is associated with high mortality rates and impairments in growth and development in children that do survive. There are complex nutritional, health, and behavioural risk factors involving severely malnourished children and their primary caregivers, requiring integrated intervention approaches. METHODS A cluster-randomized controlled trial at the Que...