background: immunotoxins are comprised of both the cell targeting and the cell killing moieties. we previously established a new immunotoxin, i.e. shiga toxin granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (stxa1-gm-csf), comprises of catalytic domain of stx, as a killing moiety and gm-csf, as a cell targeting moiety. in this study, the ability of the immunotoxin to induce apoptosis and doubl...

BACKGROUND Immunotoxins are comprised of both the cell targeting and the cell killing moieties. We previously established a new immunotoxin, i.e. Shiga toxin granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (StxA1-GM-CSF), comprises of catalytic domain of Stx, as a killing moiety and GM-CSF, as a cell targeting moiety. In this study, the ability of the immunotoxin to induce apoptosis and double...

Background: Immunotoxins are comprised of both the cell targeting and the cell killing moieties. We previously established a new immunotoxin, i.e. Shiga toxin granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (StxA1-GM-CSF), comprises of catalytic domain of Stx, as a killing moiety and GM-CSF, as a cell targeting moiety. In this study, the ability of the immunotoxin to induce apoptosis and dou...

the present study aimed at investigating the beneficial effects of co-administering granulocyte colony–stimulating factor (g-csf) and stem cell factor (scf) in a model of chronic liver injury induced by thioacetamide (taa). biochemical and histopathology- cal examinations were performed on serum and liver specimens. at the end of the treatment period, the rats were anesthetized with ether, seru...

the cytokine of granulocyte macrophage colony stimulating factor (gm-csf) is a glycoprotein, which is synthesized in the female reproductive tract and has embryonic trophic effect in mammals. the objective of this study was to examine the optimal dosage of gm-csf to improve the mouse embryo development in vitro. to collect two and eight cells embryos, the pregnant nmri mice were sacrificed by c...

introduction: this study was designed to investigate the effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (g-csf) administration in rats for 6 weeks after traumatic brain injury (tbi). methods: adult male wistar rats (n = 30) were injured with controlled cortical impact device and divided into four groups. the treatment groups (n = 10 each) were injected subcutaneously with recombinant human g-...

background: stroke is the third leading cause of death. hypothermia has been recognized as an effective method in reducing brain injury. in this study, we assessed the effects of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (g-csf) as a neuroprotective agent and mild hypothermia on mortality, behavioral function, infarct volume, and brain edema in wistar rats. methods: forty male rats were used in fiv...

traumatic brain injury (tbi) is described as a situation in which the brain is damaged by an external force. it is considered to be a chief problem in health care. pharmacotherapy and stem cell therapy are the main treatments used in tbi. the purpose of these procedures is to control the inflammation in injured regions of brain. currently, there is no effective care for tbi that could regenerat...

human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (hg-csf) induces proliferation and differentiation of granulocyte progenitor cells. this glycoprotein is currently being used for treatment of neutropenia, in patients who have undergone bone marrow transplantation. so far, different researchers have tried to enhance hg-csf biological activity and stability. in this study, polymerase chain reaction (p...

The role of alveolar macrophages in the production of granulocyte/ macrophage colony-stimulating factor(s) by the rat lung was investigated. Lavaged lungs, when incubated at proper weight per volume of culture medium, produced the same amount of colony-stimulating factor as unlavaged ones. Both lavaged and unlavaged lungs produced similar types of colony-stimulating factor (s). Prolonged i...