this paper is a chronological survey, with no proofs, of a direction in categorical algebra, which is based on categorical galois theory and involves generalized central extensions, commutators, and internal groupoids in barr exact mal’tsev and more general categories. galois theory proposes a notion of central extension, and motivates the study of internal groupoids, which is then used as an a...

We describe an easy way to determine whether the realization of a set of idempotent identities guarantees congruence modularity or the satisfaction of a nontrivial congruence identity. Our results yield slight strengthenings of Day’s Theorem and Gumm’s Theorem, which each characterize congruence modularity.

In [1] T. Dent, K. Kearnes and Á. Szendrei define the derivative, Σ′, of a set of equations Σ and show, for idempotent Σ, that Σ implies congruence modularity if Σ′ is inconsistent (Σ′ |= x ≈ y). In this paper we investigate other types of derivatives that give similar results for congruence n-permutable for some n, and for congruence semidistributivity. In a recent paper [1] T. Dent, K. Kearne...

T. Dent, K. Kearnes and Á. Szendrei have defined the derivative, Σ′, of a set of equations Σ and shown, for idempotent Σ, that Σ implies congruence modularity if Σ′ is inconsistent (Σ′ |= x ≈ y). In this paper we investigate other types of derivatives that give similar results for congruence n-permutability for some n, and for congruence semidistributivity.

We consider certain families of Calabi-Yau orbifolds and their mirror partners constructed from Fermat hypersurfaces in weighted projective spaces. We use Fermat motives to interpret the topological mirror symmetry phenomenon. These Calabi-Yau orbifolds are defined over Q, and we can discuss the modularity of the associated Galois representations. We address the modularity question at the motiv...

We show that any congruence lower semimodular variety whose 2-generatecl free algebra is finite must be congruence modular.

Based on a property of tolerance relations, it was proved in [3] that for an arbitrary lattice identity implying modularity (or at least congruence modularity) there exists a Mal’tsev condition such that the identity holds in congruence lattices of algebras of a variety if and only if the variety satisfies the corresponding Mal’tsev condition. However, the Mal’tsev condition constructed in [3] ...