We investigated corticobulbar tract function by recording from the tongue and orofacial muscles and using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in 30 patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) in order to improve the diagnostic yield in the detection of subclinical upper motor neuron (UMN) dysfunction. A UMN lesion was assumed when the peripheral conduction time and amplitude of the M-...

OBJECTIVES To identify corticobulbar tract changes that may predict chronic dysarthria in young people who have sustained a traumatic brain injury (TBI) in childhood using diffusion MRI tractography. METHODS We collected diffusion-weighted MRI data from 49 participants. We compared 17 young people (mean age 17 years, 10 months; on average 8 years postinjury) with chronic dysarthria who sustai...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE The corticobulbar tract of the face and tongue, a critical white matter tract connecting the primary motor cortex and the pons, is rarely detected by deterministic DTI fiber tractography. Detection becomes even more difficult in the presence of a tumor. The purpose of this study was to compare identification of the corticobulbar tract by using deterministic and probabilis...

a 36-year-old woman, diagnosed with systemic lupus erythematosus (sle), showed bulbar symptoms including impaired memory, slurred speech and swallowing difficulty 7 days before admission. magnetic resonance imaging (mri) showed symmetric confluent hyperintensities in the bilateral cerebral white matter on t2 weighted imaging (t2-wi), extended into the genu of the internal capsule and the crus c...

An 84-year-old man presented with acute dysphagia. He had a past history of cerebral infarction causing slight right hemiparesis. There was no facial palsy. His tongue was not deviated or atrophied. The soft palate elevation was good bilaterally. His speech was slightly dysarthric but easy to hear. There was no hemior monoparesis. He could walk without support. Diffusion-weighted MRI revealed a...

Emotional facial palsy (EFP) commonly results from anterolateral thalamic or striatocapsular infarcts. Its occurrence in brainstem lesions is uncommon, with previously reported cases being restricted to superior cerebellar artery infarction (3 cases). We report an unusual case of EFP ipsilateral to an anterior inferior cerebellar artery infarction, which opens new insights into the facial corti...

White matter tracts connecting areas involved in speech and motor control were examined using diffusion-tensor imaging in a sample of people who stutter (n=29) who were heterogeneous with respect to age, sex, handedness and stuttering severity. The goals were to replicate previous findings in developmental stuttering and to extend our knowledge by evaluating the relationship between white matte...