Smoking during pregnancy imposes a considerable economic burden on society. This phenomenon has been studied fairly extensively in the United States, but little is known about its costs within the European Union. This paper aims to evaluate the neonatal costs of a mother who smokes during pregnancy compared to the alternative of her not smoking. Geometric multidimensional approach that is used ...

Machines are a key element in the production system and their failure causes irreparable effects in terms of cost and time. In this paper, a new multi-objective mathematical model for dynamic cellular manufacturing system (DCMS) is provided with consideration of machine reliability and alternative process routes. In this dynamic model, we attempt to resolve the problem of integrated family (par...

Abstract The use of the online channel has greatly increased logistics costs supermarket chains. Even difficulty managing order picking and delivery processes due to short times preservation perishable products. Against that backdrop, proposed approach presents a mathematical model for planning e-fulfillment activities with objective ensuring maximum efficiency. linear programming been designed...

Finding a line plan with corresponding frequencies is an important stage of planning a public transport system. A line plan should permit all passengers to travel with an appropriate quality at appropriate costs for the public transport operator. Traditional line planning procedures proceed sequentially: In a first step a traffic assignment allocates passengers to routes in the network, often b...

establishing a network of transit routes with satisfactory demand coverage is one of the main goals of transitagencies in moving towards a sustainable urban development. a primary concern in obtaining such anetwork is reducing operational costs. this paper deals with the problem of minimizing construction costsin a grid transportation network while satisfying a certain level of demand coverage....

In vehicular traffic planning it is a long standing problem how to assign demand such on the available model of a road network that an equilibrium with regard to travel time or generalized costs is realized. For pedestrian traffic this question can be asked as well. However, as the infrastructure of pedestrian dynamics is not a network (a graph), but two-dimensional, there is in principle an in...

We study the earliness-tardiness scheduling problem on a single machine with due date assignment and controllable processing times. We analyze the problem with three different due date assignment methods and two different processing time functions. For each combination of these, we provide a polynomialtime algorithm to find the optimal job sequence, due date values and resource allocation minim...

In this paper, a due date assignment scheduling problem with precedence constraints and controllable processing times in uncertain environment is investigated, in which the basic processing time of each job is assumed to be the symmetric trapezoidal fuzzy number, and the linear resource consumption function is used.The objective is to minimize the crisp possibilistic mean (or expected) value of...

In order to perform real time image analysis, researchers are often required to purchase expensive processing equipment. The video frame grabber can account for the majority of the cost, with typical prices ranging between $700 and $3000. This prohibitive cost often discourages most college students and hobbyists from using these valuable learning tools. This paper seeks to address this problem...