background and aim: it is well - known that sex hormones regulate bone metabolism. sex steroids increase osteoblasts activities and affect growth, remodeling and bone homeostasis. the aim of this study was to examine the effects of sex hormones deficiency on craniofacial growth in rats. methods & materials: fifty, thirty–day–old wistar rats comprised the sample in this experimental study. 25 ma...

The purpose of this study is to investigate the craniofacial morphology and the growth pattern in the frontal dimension of Japanese children with malocclusion. Nine hundred twenty-one subjects composed of 343 males and 578 females without any orthodontic treatment, age ranging from 7 years to 18 years, were classified into 3 types of facial skeletal pattern according to the A-B difference in la...

Five juvenile rhesus monkeys were used in an experiment designed to study the structural adaptations in the craniofacial complex that resulted from increases in vertical dimension. The bite was opened 2,3,10, or 15 mm. by means of cast bite splints cemented on the maxillary arch. Adaptations were monitored in these animals by means of serial cephalometric radiography with metallic implants. The...

introduction: nager syndrome is a malformation resulting from problems in the development of the first and second branchial arches and limb buds. the cause of the abnormal development of the pharyngeal arches in nager syndrome is unknown. it is also unclear why affected individuals have bone abnormalities in their arms and legs. nager syndrome is thought to have an autosomal recessive inheritan...

Fibrous dysplasia (FD) is an osseous growth dis-order, producing immature bone and characte-rized by the replacement of normal bone with fibro-osseous connective tissue. It is a bone dys-plasia that has the potential to cause significant cosmetic and functional disturbances, particularly in the craniofacial skeleton. Cra-niofacial fibrous dysplasia is one of the three types of polyostotic fibro...

AIM The aim is to compare and evaluate the airway dimension changes, adenoidal nasopharyngeal ratio (ANR), airway area and airway percentage in patients in pre- and postadenoidectomy with normal individuals. MATERIALS AND METHODS After obtaining informed consent, a sample of 15 patients (eight males and seven females) of 7 to 12 years were selected for adenoidectomy by an otolaryngologist, la...

craniofacial  anomalies  include  clefts,  synostoses,  atrophic  abnormalities,neoplasias etc. among which cleft lip and/or palate caused by abnormal facial development during gestation is one of the most prevalent congenital defects. its overall occurrence is about 1:700 ranging from 0.02 to 4.04 in 1000 live births. there are different etiologic factors considering the cleft cause. in most c...

PURPOSE The sequence of observations presented is intended to alert the dental profession to complications that may occur when teeth and implants co-exist and subtle adult craniofacial growth occurs. MATERIALS AND METHODS The authors' observations of partially edentulous implant restorations with more than 20 years of follow-up included some observed changes relative to patients' remaining te...

This relationship between the function of the muscles of mastication and craniofacial form was investigated in young adult monkeys by increasing the functional length of the elevator muscles of the mandible non-invasively by a bite-opening splint cemented to the maxillary dentition. The major adaptations to increased vertical dimensional were (1) marked superior and some anterior displacement o...