BACKGROUND The incidence of acute rejection and the morbidity of systemic cyclosporine (INN: cyclosporine) after lung transplantation is significant. Experimental evidence suggests that the allograft locally modulates the immune mechanisms of acute rejection. The purpose of this study was to determine whether aerosolized cyclosporine would prevent acute cellular rejection, achieve effective gra...

BACKGROUND Cyclosporine-based immunosuppressive regimens (INN: ciclosporin) in human lung transplantation continue to result in a high incidence of acute cellular rejection. We investigated the use of sirolimus, a macrolide with structural similarity to tacrolimus, as monotherapy and in combination with cyclosporine in a rodent lung transplant model. METHODS Orthotopic left lung transplantati...

Left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is a compensatory mechanism to cope with pressure overload. Recently, a calcineurin pathway mediating LVH and its prevention by cyclosporine was reported. We examined whether calcineurin mediates LVH due to pressure overload in mice. Pressure overload was induced by aortic banding in 53 mice (32 treated with cyclosporine [25 mg. kg-1. d-1], 21 treated with veh...

Eighty-one renal, seventeen heart, and twenty-four liver transplant patients were followed for infection. Seventeen renal patients received azathioprine (Aza) and prednisone as part of a randomized trial of immunosuppression with 21 cyclosporine-and-prednisone-treated renal transplant patients. All others received cyclosporine and prednisone. The randomized Aza patients had more overall infecti...

The daily dose of cyclosporine required to attain a desired blood level can vary greatly among patients. Because elimination of cyclosporine depends on its metabolism in the liver by an enzyme (cytochrome P-450IIIA) that also demethylates erythromycin, we reasoned that the ability of patients to demethylate a test dose of erythromycin might be useful in estimating their appropriate daily doses ...

Tacrolimus (FK506) and cyclosporine (cyclosporin A, CsA) are cornerstone immunosuppressive agents administered to solid organ transplant recipients to prevent and treat allograft rejection. The discovery of cyclosporine in the 1970s, and its entry into the collection of immunosuppressants in the early 1980s, was a major breakthrough in medicine. Cyclosporine was the most successful antirejectio...

BACKGROUND The treatment of severe ulcerative colitis (UC) flares includes measures such as hospitalization and intravenous steroids. Despite this, a quarter of patients are refractory to treatment. Given the availability of new therapeutic strategies in patients with steroid-refractory UC (cyclosporine, infliximab, apheresis, surgery) it is necessary to predict which treatment will be most eff...

BACKGROUND Hypertension induced by cyclosporine is associated with renal sodium and water retention. Using immunoblotting of kidney homogenates, we investigated the regulation of sodium and water transport proteins in a rat model of cyclosporine-induced hypertension. METHODS Rats were treated with cyclosporine (25 mg/kg/day intraperitoneally) during 7 days. Control rats received vehicle. RE...

The effect of cyclosporine A to enhance vasoconstrictor-induced calcium (Ca2+) mobilization in vascular smooth muscle cells may contribute to important side effects in cyclosporine therapy such as hypertension and nephrotoxicity. On the other hand, atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) is known to diminish vasoconstrictor-stimulated Ca2+ mobilization. The present study, therefore, examined the inter...