In our article “Progressive Adaptation of a CpGV Isolate to Codling Moth Populations Resistant to CpGV-M.” (Viruses 2014, 6, 5135–5144; doi:10.3390/v6125135) [1] we obtained resistance values of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella, RGV laboratory colony [2], when challenged with Cydia pomonella Granulovirus, Mexican Isolate (CpGV-M), that were lower than those previously published [2]. Careful an...

applying a precise forecasting method is necessary to achieve acceptable results in ipm programs. performances of the wing and delta pheromone traps for forecasting the codling moth phenology were compared with physiological time data based on degree-hours. six pheromone traps (three wing and three delta style) were applied for the monitoring of the codling moth population. traps were placed in...

We established more than 200 primary cell lines of Cydia pomonella (coding moth). 81 of them were selected and screened for replication of two baculoviruses (from two different subgroups): the Choristoneura murinana NPV and the Cydia pomonella GV. Although all these cell lines had been derived from the same insect species, they varied largely in their response to challenge with the NPV. Most of...

Cydia pomonella is a major pest in apples in Denmark. Trichogramma spp. are known biocontrol agents of C. pomonella eggs and two naturally occurring species in Denmark, which are also both commercially available, were chosen for mass-release trials. Trichogramma evanescens, T. cacoeciae or a mix of the two species were evaluated for mass-release to control C. pomonella in two commercial organic...

The main resistance mechanism of codling moth (Cydia pomonella) in the tree fruit area of Lleida (NE Spain) is multifunction oxidases (MFO). We studied the frequency of MFO-resistant adults captured by different lures, with and without pear ester, and flights in orchards under different crop management systems. The factor year affected codling moth MFO-resistance level, particularly in the untr...

abstract background and aims: the cydia pomonella granulovirus (cpgv) is a baculovirus and very effective biological control agent against apple pest, codling moth, cydia pomonella l. especially for healthy organic apple production and protection.  not only, screening of cpgv isolates via biochemical variation, but also their biological variation is practically necessary.  however, the bioassay...

The codling moth Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus) (Lepidoptera Tortricidae) is a key pest of pome fruit (apple, pear and quince) and walnut orchards in most temperate regions of the world (Barnes 1991; CABI 1995). The moth has followed the spread of the apple tree Malus pumila Miller around the world, and

Three new species of Olethreutinae (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) from the United States are described and illustrated. Eucosma paregoria Brown, n. sp., is associated with prairies and glades, primarily in midwestern U.S. Cydia marita Brown, n. sp., is common in southeastern U.S., ranging from Texas to Florida and north along the eastern seaboard to Virginia. Cydia timara Brown, n. sp., occurs in t...

Cydia splendana and C. fagiglandana are two closely related chestnut feeding lepidopteran moth species. In this study, we surveyed the bacterial endosymbiont Wolbachia in these two species. Infection rates were 31% in C. splendana and 77% in C. fagiglandana. MLST analysis showed that these two species are infected with two quite diverse Wolbachia strains. C. splendana with Sequence Type (ST) 40...

About 20,550 larvae, pupae and adults of the codling moth, Cydia pomonella L., were diagnosed for pathogens during long-term investigations (1955-2012) at the Institute for Biological Control in Darmstadt, Germany. The prevailing entomopathogens diagnosed in these studies were insect pathogenic fungi, especially Beauveria bassiana and Isaria farinosa, the microsporidium, Nosema carpocapsae, the...