Decapsulation of the left kidney through a lumbar incision immediately prior to placing young rats on a choline-deficient diet afforded a significant degree of protection against animal mortality, compared with that which occurred as a result of the deficiency in the control groups. Decapsulation also was effective in reducing greatly the renal injury which developed in the decapsulated kidneys...

The electronic industry has always set for the highest standards in quality and reliability. To ensure the reliability of final semiconductor products, evaluation and characterization at process development and product stage are conducted. In this paper, constructional analysis (CA) technique is used as a tool to determine failure mode in QFN stacked die package that will affect reliability. Th...

Edebohls (Journal of the American Medical Association, January 16, 1909) points out that his observations on the kindeys of some his patients who huve died months and years after decapsulation, or whose kidneys he had decapsulated a second or third time, invariably demonstrated the formation of a more or less abundant new blood supply as the result of the operation. He thinks that the immediate...

Ureteral obstruction causes impaired salt wastage and K+ secretion in the distal nephron segments, including the cortical collecting duct (CCD). Recently, we demonstrated that conductances of Na+ and K+ in the apical membrane, as well as the electrogenic Na(+)-K+ pump activity and the relative K+ conductance in the basolateral membrane of the collecting duct cell, were inhibited in the obstruct...

Multi-layer networks are networks in which several protocols may coexist at different layers. The Pseudo-Wire architecture provides encapsulation and decapsulation functions of protocols over Packet-Switched Networks. In a multidomain context, computing a path to support end-to-end services requires the consideration of encapsulation and decapsulation capabilities. It appears that graph models ...

As technology advances, the techniques of laparoscopic surgery are being refined and their application is expanding to include many disease processes and organs. The new-generation laparoscopic instruments are becoming smaller (less than 5 mm). Expected advantages include improvements in cosmesis and patient satisfaction, and decreased postoperative analgesic requirements. Non-neoplastic cysts ...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES The management of symptomatic splenic cysts lacks clear, evidence-based guidelines due to its low incidence. Recently, laparoscopic treatment has been described. We present our experience with the laparoscopic management of solitary splenic cysts with a review of the existing literature, and recommendations for therapy. METHODS All patients who underwent laparoscopic...

With the increasing demand for sleeker and light weight devices, printed circuit boards (PCBs) are getting very crowded due to numerous components mounted within a limited space. This also reduces the number of probing test points available for failure analysis/fault isolation (FA/FI) processes. Hence, FA engineers usually extrapolate conclusions about the missing signals without concrete evide...

Background and study aims  Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is an invasive diagnostic and interventional procedure used in conditions related to the pancreas and biliary tract. It has a complication rate ranging from 4 % to 10 %. Severe complications are few with the most common of them being post-ERCP pancreatitis, post-sphincterotomy bleeding, and perforation. A rare, but...