In a recent study, Dijksterhuis et al. (Science 311:1005, 2006) reported that participants were better at solving complex decisions after a period of unconscious thought relative to a period of conscious thought. They interpreted their results as an existence proof of powerful unconscious deliberation mechanisms. In the present report, we used a similar experimental design with an additional co...

Introduction: Evaluation of pharmaceutical systems performance is an essential prerequisite for promoting evidence-based policy-making, improvement in health system performance. This study attempts to evaluate the performance of Iran pharmaceutical system based on the world health organization (WHO)'s indicators, including access, quality, and rational use of medicines. Methods: In this c...

in this study the effectiveness of accounting information systems of finance managers of listed companies at tehran stock exchange is evaluated. the results indicate that implementation of accounting information systems at these companies caused the improvement of managers’ decision-making process, internal controls, and the quality of the financial reports and facilitated the process of the co...

Most decision making methods used to evaluate a system or demonstrate the weak and strength points are based on fuzzy sets and evaluate the criteria with words that are modeled with fuzzy sets. The ambiguity and vagueness of the words and different perceptions of a word are not considered in these methods. For this reason, the decision making methods that consider the perceptions of decision...

Drug development is time consuming, resource intensive, risky, and heavily regulated. To ensure that it makes the best drug-development decisions, Bayer Pharmaceuticals (Pharma) uses a structured process based on the principles of decision analysis to evaluate the technical feasibility and market potential of its new drugs. In July 1999, the biological products leadership committee composed of ...

Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) is a technique that uses all collected observations to measure performance. This method presents no data about how to operate on DMU. The present research attempted to study a unit with all its subunits, if the unit is efficient, it means that all its subunits are efficient too and if it is an inefficient, it shows clearly that which one of the subunits makes ine...

skillful performance in soccer requires not only sound techniques but also quickand accurate decision making. these decisions are usually made in variousintensities of practice and performance. the main aim of this study was toinvestigate the effect of different levels of arousal and training intensity on decisionmaking (speed and accuracy) of expert female soccer players. for this purpose, 16e...

OBJECTIVE The aim of this paper is to provide health care decision makers with a conceptual foundation for regression analysis by describing the principles of correlation, regression, and residual assessment. SUMMARY Researchers are often faced with the need to describe quantitatively the relationships between outcomes and predictors , with the objective of explaining trends, testing hypothes...

The primary purpose of modeling is to inform the decision-making process [1,2]. One considerable benefit of model formalization is that the uncertainties and assumptions in this process are made explicit and transparent. To estimate costs and outcomes, existing data are frequently insufficient to allow optimal healthcare decision-making. Each type of data (retrospective, prospective, meta-analy...