Deep seawater is a valuable renewable resource. Due to its outstanding characteristics (i.e., clean, nutrient-rich and cold), deep seawater has been utilized in various subjects, such as mariculture, agriculture, food and beverage, pharmaceutical, medical, and renewable energy. As a result, deep seawater utilization cannot be separated from membrane technologies. Reverse osmosis has become the ...

Using surface and deep seawater collected in the sea area of Muroto Cape (Kochi, Japan), desalinated drinking samples of about 1200 hardness were prepared and examined for the effects on the prevention of atherosclerosis in dietary induced hyperlipidemia rabbits. The plasma LDL cholesterol level was lower in the deep seawater group than in the surface seawater group. GPx activity was significan...

Phylogenetic positions of psychrophilic bacteria isolated from the Japan Trench were determined by sequencing analysis of PCR-amplified bacterial small subunit (16S) rRNA genes. Between surface and deep-sea psychrophiles, distinct positions clearly differed within the gamma-Proteobacteria. In phylogenetic analysis using neighbour-joining, maximum-parsimony and maximum-likelihood, strains from s...

Upwelling is the process by which deep, cold, relatively high-CO2, nutrient-rich seawater rises to the sunlit surface of the ocean. This seasonal process has fueled geoengineering initiatives to fertilize the surface ocean with deep seawater to enhance productivity and thus promote the drawdown of CO2. Coccolithophores, which inhabit many upwelling regions naturally 'fertilized' by deep seawate...

The boron isotopic composition (δB) of coral skeleton is a proxy for seawater pH. However, δB-based pH estimates must account for the pH difference between seawater and the coral calcifying fluid, ΔpH. We report that skeletal δB and ΔpH are related to the skeletal carbon isotopic composition (δC) in four genera of deep-sea corals collected across a natural pH range of 7.89–8.09, with ΔpH relate...

The collecting power and imaging ability of planned ultrahigh-energy neutrino observatories depend on wavelength-dependent absorption and scattering coefficients for the detector medium. Published data are compiled for deep ice at the South Pole, for deep fresh water at Lake Baikal, and for deep seawater. The effective scattering coefficient is smallest for the clearest deep ocean sites, wherea...

[1] We have developed a coupled ocean-atmosphere general circulation model, the GENESIS-MOM model, with the ability to transport and fractionate water isotopes in the ocean and atmosphere. The model is used to predict modern and Cretaceous precipitation and seawater dO. The model reproduces the large-scale modernday isotopic distribution. In the zonal mean, the difference between simulated and ...

Injecting liquid CO(2) into deep-sea sediments below ca. 3 km of seawater has been suggested for the permanent storage of anthropogenic CO(2). At the pressures and temperature found below 3 km of seawater, CO(2) becomes denser than seawater and so is likely to remain permanently sequestered in the sediment. Deepwater engineering, however, is expensive and seawater depths of greater than 3 km ar...

The brine-seawater interface of the Kebrit Deep, northern Red Sea, was investigated for the presence of microorganisms using phylogenetic analysis combined with cultivation methods. Under strictly anaerobic culture conditions, novel halophiles were isolated. The new rod-shaped isolates belong to the halophilic genus Halanaerobium and are the first representatives of the genus obtained from deep...

Absolute salinity measurement of seawater has become a key issue in thermodynamic models of the oceans. One of the most direct ways is to measure the seawater refractive index which is related to density and can therefore be related to the absolute salinity. Recent advances in high resolution position sensitive devices enable us to take advantage of small beam deviation measurements using refra...