fragmentation, or breaking apart of habitats, is one of the major causes of decline in biological diversity. mature ecosystems, especially dense forests are very sensitive to this phenomenon and roads are one of the major causes of fragmentation in forest landscapes. present investigation aims to trace landscape fragmentation in dense forests of golestan national park in northeast of iran betw...

A set Y ⊆ R that intersects every convex set of volume 1 is called a Danzer set. It is not known whether there are Danzer sets in R with growth rate O(T ). We prove that natural candidates, such as discrete sets that arise from substitutions and from cut-and-project constructions, are not Danzer sets. For cut and project sets our proof relies on the dynamics of homogeneous flows. We consider a ...

Timber volume is an important parameter in forestry and with the position of each individual tree together with its size this parameter can be estimated with higher accuracy than from estimations made at stand level. In this paper, three existing methods for individual tree crown extraction are compared for different types of forests. The types of forests range from planted forests to dense for...

fragmentation, or breaking apart of habitats, is one of the major causes of decline in biological diversity. mature ecosystems, especially dense forests are very sensitive to this phenomenon and roads are one of the major causes of fragmentation in forest landscapes. present investigation aims to trace landscape fragmentation in dense forests of golestan national park in northeast of iran betwe...

People embedded in dense social networks are likely to trust and cooperate with other members of their group. However, these individuals are also likely to turn inward and harbor strong hostility toward groups outside their network. Thus, it is important to establish bridging networks between groups. However, the effect of dense networks within a group on bridging networks between groups remain...

Dense forests are discrete subsets of Euclidean space which uniformly close to all sufficiently long line segments. The degree density a dense forest is measured by its visibility function. We show that cut-and-project quasicrystals never forests, but their finite unions could be forests. On the other hand, we lattices typically and give bound on function, optimal. also construct an explicit un...

in order to evaluate capability of the landsat-etm and irs-p6-liss iv images for canopy cover mapping a case study was done on the forests of javanroud in kermanshah province. after evaluation of the geometric and radiometric quality of the data, the etm+ images, the etm+ images were geometrically corrected with gcps and the images were registered with rmse error 0.46 and 0.48 pixels, for x and...

The Pacific fisher (Martes pennanti) is a rare forest carnivore strongly associated with dense, old forest with high canopy cover for denning and resting. The Sierra Nevada population is very small, genetically distinct, and isolated. Mixed-severity wildland fire is assumed to be a potentially greater threat than logging, and land managers are conducting large-scale forest thinning operations u...