Introduction Skin is a complex, multi-layered material which exhibits non-linear, anisotropic and viscoelastic behaviour. Its structure is complex and can be broadly divided into three main layers: the epidermis, the dermis and hypodermis. The thickest of these layers, the dermis, consists of strong stiff collagen fibres which govern many of the mechanical properties of human skin [1]. The mech...

1.1 Skin The evolution of life in the terrestrial environment required the development of a waterproof integument: the skin (Loden and Maibach, 2006). Skin is an extensive organ covering the entire exterior of the body (Stevens and Lowe, 2005). It provides the primary barrier against chemical and biological external agents and water loss (Hadgraft, 2001). The skin also plays an important role i...

Skin is a complex organ that protects its host from its environment, at the same time allowing interaction with the environment. It is much more than a static, impenetrable shield against external insults. Rather, the skin is a dynamic, complex, integrated arrangement of cells, tissues, and matrix elements that mediates a diverse array of functions: skin provides a physical permeability barrier...

Our study presents a new method for tracking nanoparticle penetration through different layers of the skin using near-infrared dye-loaded nanoparticles (hydrodynamic diameter = 156 nm) and optical imaging. The dye-loaded nanoparticles were mixed in a topical skin cream, applied to human cadaver skin and incubated either for three or 24 h post-application, skin tissue was clipped between glass s...

background: prp (platelet-rich plasma) is a biological product that has shown significant therapeutic results compared to synthetic drugs and some traditional methods. the advantages of this method include: prp, compared to other biological materials, is easily prepared in clinic and the safety is high as well. objectives: we aimed to investigate the evaluation of histomorphometric properties a...

The four-striped mouse has a grey to brown coloured coat with four characteristic dark stripes interspersed with three lighter stripes running along its back. The histological differences in the skin of the juvenile and adult mouse were investigated by Haematoxylin and Eosin and Masson Trichrome staining, while melanocytes in the skin were studied through melanin-specific Ferro-ferricyanide sta...

Skin ulcers are defined as tissue loss interesting the deeper layers of the dermis and hypodermis, with low tendency to spontaneous healing. They cause disability related to pain, risk of infection and amputation, chronic management, requiring working absence with notably economic burden. The major cause is often related to underlying vascular disease, infections, tumors, autoimmunity, trauma, ...

In this paper, the authors have emphasized on perspectives of Terahertz channel modeling in Internet multimedia nano things (IoMNT) networks. A modulation technique targeting body-centric network is discussed. An analogy a real antenna developed within terahertz multi-layer modelling for human skin tissue. As result, investigation how signals at THz frequency band interact and transmit biomater...