Diabetic retinopathy is the complications of diabetes, which can eventually lead to blindness. To prevent from blindness of diabetic patient an early detection of diabetic retinopathy is very important. As exudates are the early sign of diabetic retinopathy, we can save diabetic patient from blindness by detecting exudates. In this paper, we have developed an improved method of automatic exudat...

BACKGROUND In the working age group, diabetic retinopathy is a leading cause of visual impairment. Regular eye examinations and early treatment of retinopathy can prevent visual loss, so screening for diabetic retinopathy is cost-effective. Dilated retinal digital photography with the additional use of ophthalmoscopy is the most effective and robust method of diabetic retinopathy screening. The...

OBJECTIVE Residual insulin secretion provides important protection against the development of diabetic retinopathy in type 1 diabetes. The data to support this in type 2 diabetes are unclear. We therefore tested in type 2 diabetes whether markers of residual beta-cell function are associated with the development of diabetic retinopathy, an important microvascular complication of diabetes. DES...

OBJECTIVE The aim of the study was to estimate the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy in an urban Indian population older than 40 years. DESIGN A population-based cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS Five thousand nine hundred ninety-nine subjects residing in Chennai, India, were enumerated. METHODS A multistage random sampling, based on socioeconomic criteria, was followed. Identified sub...

Objective: The purpose of this study was to establish an association of vitamin D with diabetic retinopathy. Material and Methods: This study was conducted at Endocrinology ward Hayatabad Medical Complex. It was a descriptive cross sectional study which was conducted for six months from January 2012 to June 2012 in which 100 patients after undergoing inclusion and exclusion criteria for having ...

OBJECTIVE To compare the effectiveness of two 45 degrees photographic fields per eye in the screening for diabetic retinopathy with the routine ophthalmologist's examination and to study the effectiveness of visual acuity measurement in the detection of diabetic macular edema. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS Type 1 and 2 diabetic patients without a known history of more than minimal retinopathy (...

SCREENING FOR DIABETIC RETINOPATHY Diabetic retinopathy is a highly specific vascular complication of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The prevalence of retinopathy is strongly related to the duration of diabetes. After 20 years of diabetes, nearly all patients with type 1 diabetes and >60% of patients with type 2 diabetes have some degree of retinopathy. Diabetic retinopathy poses a serious th...

Diabetic retinopathy and nephropathy cause significant morbidity in patients with diabetes. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent angiogenic and vascular permeability factor and is implicated in both of these diabetes complications. We previously reported transfection studies showing the VEGF -460 and VEGF +405 polymorphisms to increase basal VEGF promoter activity by 71% compar...