This paper reviews the best known techniques using circular dichroism spectroscopy such as conventional circular dichroism (i.e. electronic circular dichroism), magnetic circular dichroisms (magnetic vibrational circular dichroism, x-ray magnetic circular dichroism), fluorescence detected circular dichroism, near-infrared circular dichroism, vibrational circular dichroism, Fourier transform inf...

background: recently, botulinum neurotoxin (bont)-derived recombinant proteins have been suggested as potential botulism vaccines. here, with concentrating on bont type e (bont/e), we studied two of these binding domain-based recombinant proteins: a multivalent chimer protein, which is composed of bont serotypes a, b and e binding subdomains, and a monovalent recombinant protein, which contains...

background glucose is an essential element in the supply of body’s energy. in diseases such as diabetes, glucose increase is associated with disturbance in metabolism. cortisol is an important hormone in the regulation of glucose metabolism, and human serum albumin (hsa) is one of the most important glucose and cortisol transmitters in blood. interaction between albumin and these ligands could ...

liquid protein formulations are prone to form aggregates. the effect of nonionic surfactants such as polysorbate 20 (ps 20) and n-dodecyl β-d-maltoside (ddm) on the prevention of aggregation and conformational changes of recombinant human ifnβ-1b (rhifn β_1b) was explored. polysorbate has been used in formulations of protein pharmaceuticals. there have been concerns about using ps 20 due to its...

F. Willems,1,2,* C. T. L. Smeenk,2 N. Zhavoronkov,2 O. Kornilov,2 I. Radu,1 M. Schmidbauer,3 M. Hanke,4 C. von Korff Schmising,1,2,*,† M. J. J. Vrakking,2 and S. Eisebitt1,2,* 1Technische Universität Berlin, Institut für Optik und Atomare Physik, 10623 Berlin, Germany 2Max-Born-Institut, Max-Born-Strasse 2A, 12489 Berlin, Germany 3Leibniz-Institut für Kristallzüchtung, Max-Born-Strasse 2, 12489...

Magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) spectroscopy and variable-temperature variable-field (VTVH) MCD are powerful methods for studying the excited and ground states of paramagnetic systems. Notably, these methods provide detailed insight into the geometric and electronic structures of catalytically active centers in inorganic and biological systems. In this review, we present the theoretical backg...

Absorption, linear dichroism and circular dichroism spectroscopy at 293 and 77 K have been used in order to further explore the process of energy quenching in LHC IIb, the main light-harvesting complex of photosystem II. Upon aggregation there was an enhancement of linear dichroism bands in the Q absorption region of chlorophyll b. The y absorption spectrum at 77 K of aggregates revealed new ba...