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although the etiology of varicose veins remains unknown, recent studies have focused on endothelial cell integrity and function because the endothelium regulates vessel tone and synthesizes many pro- and anti-inflammatory factors. the aim of this study was to investigate the evidence involving the endothelium in the development of varicose vein disease. in addition, tissue remodeling was invest...

background: with the growing trend of unhealthy behaviors in the community, the likelihood of transmission of hepatitis b virus from infected people to society is increasing. so, early detection for preventing disease progression in patients and preventing the spread to the community has an important role. the aim of this study is assessment of risk factors in patients with chronic hepatitis b ...

conclusions the prevalence of anti-hbc among the elderly in the city of tubarão was higher than in previous studies evaluating blood donors in the same region. despite the association of previous hbv infection and factors indirectly related to sexual risk behaviors, the results suggest the involvement of invasive therapeutic procedures in the hbv transmission chain. patients and methods this cr...

experimental infection of muscovy ducks with v4 strain of newcastle disease virus was undertaken to determine the response of the ducks to the virus and the possibility of virus transmission to ducks and chickens in village like conditions. twelve ducks were randomly and equally divided into three groups of control, inoculated and in-contact. additionally, the chickens were placed into two grou...

The Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) was identified in late 2019 and has gradually spread to all countries. Following the outspread of this virus as a community-acquired disease, many researchers have been trying to identify various factors involved in the transmission of the virus, as well as the ways to prevent its transmission from person to person. For example, researchers have found tha...

A mathematical model has been introduced for the transmission dynamics of cholera disease by GQ Sun et al. recently. In this study, we add Laplacian and Triangular random effects to this model and analyze the variation of results for both cases. The expectations  and coefficients of variation are compared for the random models and the results are used to comment on the differences and similarit...