Knowing or being able to measure the “path density” at sources of communications is essential to provide fair capacity distribution between sessions in multi-hop ad hoc networks. We propose and have implemented PDP, a path density recording protocol. In this paper we describe PDP, discuss protocol design options and explain how it was piggybacked onto an existing reactive routing scheme. We ass...

Portal dosimetry (PD) was performed for 181 fields from 14 IMRT plans of various clinical sites at gantry zero and source-to-detector distance (SDD) of 100 cm. PD was realized using aSi1000 electronic portal imaging device (EPID) and portal dose prediction (PDP) algorithm implemented in Eclipse treatment planning system (TPS). Agreement of PDP predicted and EPID measured photon fluence/dose dis...

Fiber type specificity of pyruvate dehydrogenase (PDH) phosphatase (PDP) was determined in fed (CON) and 48-h food-deprived (FD) rats. PDP activity and isoform protein content were determined in soleus (slow-twitch oxidative), red gastrocnemius (RG; fast-twitch oxidative glycolytic), and white gastrocnemius (WG; fast-twitch glycolytic) muscles. When normalized for mitochondrial volume, there wa...

In this paper, power distribution planning (PDP) considering distributed generators (DGs) is investigated as a dynamic multi-objective optimization problem. Moreover, Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) is applied to handle the uncertainty in electricity price and load demand. In the proposed model, investment and operation costs, losses and purchased power from the main grid are incorporated in the f...

 We consider a pickup and delivery vehicle routing problem (PDP) commonly find in real-world logistics operations. The problem includes a set of practical complications that have received little attention in the vehicle routing literature. In this problem, there are multiple vehicle types available to cover a set of transportation orders, each of which has pickup time windows and delivery time...

The two parameter Poisson-Dirichlet Process (PDP), a generalisation of the Dirichlet Process, is increasingly being used for probabilistic modelling in discrete areas such as language technology, bioinformatics, and image analysis. There is a rich literature about the PDP and its derivative distributions such as the Chinese Restaurant Process. This article reviews some of the basic theory and t...

Abstract In this work, a strict MILP formulation for the supply-chain pick-up and delivery problem with transshipments is presented (SC-PDP-T). This problem adds the option for transferring goods from one vehicle to another. This additional flexibility is very attractive for the optimal management of supply chains. Based on the novel features of the SC-PDP-T, this work addresses the major model...

Pachydermoperiostosis (PDP), or primary hypertrophic osteoarthropathy, is a rare genetic disease affecting both skin and bones. Both autosomal dominant with incomplete penetrance and recessive inheritance of PDP have been previously confirmed. Recently, hydroxyprostaglandin dehydrogenase (HPGD) and solute carrier organic anion transporter family member 2A1 (SLCO2A1) were reported as pathogenic ...

Treatment of the 2,5-bis(2'-pyridyl)pyrrolato (PDP-) anion with {Ru(COD)Cl2}n in THF readily yielded [Ru(PDP)(COD)Cl] (1) in almost quantitative yield. Anion metathesis of 1 in organic solvent by NO3- and OTf- (OTf- = triflato) gave [Ru(PDP)(COD)(NO3)] (2) and [Ru(PDP)(COD)(OTf)] (3), and in aqueous solution by BF4- and PF6- afforded aqueous complexes [Ru(PDP)(COD)(H2O)](BF4) (4+·BF4-) and [Ru(...

In this article, we develop the method of continuous Pontryagin differentiable programming (Continuous PDP), which enables a robot to learn an objective function from few sparsely demonstrated keyframes. The keyframes, labeled with some time stamps, are desired task-space outputs, is expected follow sequentially. stamps keyframes can be different robot's actual execution. jointly finds and time...