For a graph G=(V,E) with V=V(G) and E=E(G), perfect double Italian dominating function is f:V→{0,1,2,3} having the property that 3≤∑u∈NG[v]f(u)≤4, for every vertex v∈G f(v)∈{0,1}. The weight of f sum f(V)=∑v∈V(G)f(v) minimum on G domination number γdIp(G) G. We initiate study functions. check γdIp some standard graphs evaluate γdI such graphs. functions versus Roman are perused. NP-completeness...

A set \(S\) of vertices in a connected graph \(G=(V,E)\) is called signal if every vertex not lies on path between two from \(S\). double \(G\) for each pair \(x,y \in G\) there exist \(u,v S\) such that L[u,v]\). The number \(\mathrm{dsn}\,(G)\) the minimum cardinality set. Any \(\mathrm{dsn}\)-set \(G\). In this paper we introduce and initiate some properties graph. We have also given relatio...

‎An  oriented perfect path double cover (OPPDC) of a‎ ‎graph $G$ is a collection of directed paths in the symmetric‎ ‎orientation $G_s$ of‎ ‎$G$ such that‎ ‎each arc‎ ‎of $G_s$ lies in exactly one of the paths and each‎ ‎vertex of $G$ appears just once as a beginning and just once as an‎ ‎end of a path‎. ‎Maxov{'a} and Ne{v{s}}et{v{r}}il (Discrete‎ ‎Math‎. ‎276 (2004) 287-294) conjectured that ...

A double Roman dominating function on a graph $G$ with vertex set $V(G)$ is defined in cite{bhh} as a function$f:V(G)rightarrow{0,1,2,3}$ having the property that if $f(v)=0$, then the vertex $v$ must have at least twoneighbors assigned 2 under $f$ or one neighbor $w$ with $f(w)=3$, and if $f(v)=1$, then the vertex $v$ must haveat least one neighbor $u$ with $f(u)ge 2$. The weight of a double R...

A connected k-chromatic graph G is said to be double-critical if for all edges uv of G the graph G− u− v is (k− 2)-colourable. A longstanding conjecture of Erdős and Lovász states that the complete graphs are the only double-critical graphs. Kawarabayashi, Pedersen and Toft [Electron. J. Combin., 17(1): Research Paper 87, 2010] proved that every double-critical k-chromatic graph with k ≤ 7 cont...

Graphs are called navigable if one can find short paths through them using only local knowledge. It has been shown that for a graph to be navigable, its construction needs to meet strict criteria. Since such graphs nevertheless seem to appear in nature, it is of interest to understand why these criteria should be fulfilled. In this paper we present a simple method for constructing graphs based ...

In this paper we investigate and compare four variants of the double-pushout approach to graph transformation. As well as the traditional approach with arbitrary matching and injective right-hand morphisms, we consider three variations by employing injective matching and/or arbitrary right-hand morphisms in rules. We show that injective matching provides additional expressiveness in two respect...

The Narumi-Katayama index of a graph G is equal to the product of degrees of all the vertices of G. In this paper, we examine the NarumiKatayama index of some derived graphs such as a Mycielski graph, subdivision graphs, double graph, extended double cover graph, thorn graph, subdivision vertex join and edge join graphs.