This study uses a municipal e-government services framework to evaluate the development of municipal electronic government (e-Government) in Peruvian cities by assessing the web sites and services provided by each city. The findings show that the degree of development of e-Government in Peru is incipient, with the need to improve not only the municipal websites but also the municipal e-Governme...

Secure means of identification and authentication is key to many services such as in e-government or e-commerce. Several countries have issued national electronic identity (eID) infrastructure to support such services. These initiatives however have often emerged as national islands; using eID crossborder has not been on the agenda in most cases. This creates electronic barriers. The Large Scal...

Colibacillosis is known as a fatal bacterial disease resulting in a high level of commercial loss worldwide. This study amid to elucidate the sequence, genetic characteristics, and phylogeny of the bor gene in Escherichia coli (E. coli) strain c1378 (O78:K80) isolated from avian colibacillosis in Iran and develop a rapid and optimal polymerase chain reaction (PCR) mol...

  In this study Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) was applied to species identification of bester hybrids. Hybrids identification was performed by comparison of electrophoresis profiles with parental species. The simultaneous occurrence of diagnostic bands fixed in the parental species, genetic distance and identification and cluster analyses (UPGMA) allow a correct identification. ...

  In this study Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) was applied to species identification of bester hybrids. Hybrids identification was performed by comparison of electrophoresis profiles with parental species. The simultaneous occurrence of diagnostic bands fixed in the parental species, genetic distance and identification and cluster analyses (UPGMA) allow a correct identif...

conclusions although carbohydrate fermentation patterns specified these three isolates as b. infantis, b. bifidum, and b. longum, the molecular results did not confirm b. longum, which is still also controversial in the literature. overall, our results demonstrated that kashk-e zard is a rich potential source of probiotic bacteria and further investigations should be undertaken. results twelve ...

A major domain of e-government research considers effective delivery of information to citizens (i.e. government-to-citizens services). These services involve all sets of communication and transaction between government, at various levels, and citizens. Research indicates that due to the expectations that people hold while utilizing public services available through digital means, there needs t...

This article addresses the development of electronic identification (eID) for public e-services and reports from an empirical study of young Swedish university students’ attitudes towards eID. A public e-service at the Swedish Board for Study Support which demanded secure electronic identification was focused. Our findings from three focus groups show that usability and security are two main th...

The penetration and growth of the Internet, as a key technology of the 21st century, caused to some major changes in all individual and social aspects of human life. Some of these changes, which associated with the evolution and changes in the concepts, including legal and political ones, have become a challenge. Identity as a legal and Government as a political concepts are in those fields whi...

The emergence of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology has affected the functions and roles of business organizations. RFID technology provides technical solutions across a variety of industries in the public and private sectors. E-government is being increasingly utilized by governments in different countries to increase the efficiency of services provided to citizens. Although the ...