Orthopaedic injuries comprise a majority of combat injuries seen in recent US military conflicts. The development and increased use of modern body armor, which has been correlated with decreased chest and upper abdominal injuries (Mabry et al., 2000), will likely continue to result in an increased relative rate of extremity injuries. These injuries commonly present with significant open bone fr...

We consider a unit speed timelike curve α in Minkowski 4-space E41 and denote the Frenet frame of α by {T,N,B1,B2}. We say that α is a generalized helix if one of the unit vector fields of the Frenet frame has constant scalar product with a fixed direction U of E41. In this work we study those helices where the function 〈B2, U〉 is constant and we give different characterizations of such curves....

This paper contributes to the micro-foundation of money in centralized markets with idiosyncratic uncertainty. It shows existence of stationary monetary equilibria and ensures that there is an optimum quantity of money. The rational solution of our model is compared with actual behavior in a laboratory experiment. The experiment gives support to the theoretical approach. JEL classification: C73...

Proteins are the building blocks of life, regarded as one most complex and crucial biomacromolecules in biological systems, playing a significant role executing genes transferring genetic information. The aggregation induced emission (AIE) concept its applications for real-time imaging make AIE luminogens attractive protein tracking, detecting, medical applications. (Article number 2021, 2, e41)

Central bankers’ conventional wisdom suggests that nominal interest rates should be raised to implement a lower inflation target. In contrast, I show that the standard New Keynesian monetary model predicts that nominal interest rates should be decreased to attain this goal. Real interest rates, however, are virtually unchanged. These results also hold in recent vintages of New Keynesian models ...

Two strains of Bacillus, B. cereus E41 and B. anthracis F34, were isolated from a salt lake in Aïn M'lila-Oum El Bouaghi, eastern Algeria, and Ain Baida-Ouargla, southern Algeria, respectively. Their genomes display genes for the production of several bioactive secondary metabolites, including polyhydroxyalkanoate, iron siderophores, lipopeptides, and bacteriocins.

Tobin (1958) has argued that in the face of potential capital losses on bonds it is reasonable to hold cash as a means to transfer wealth over time. It is shown that this assertion cannot be sustained taking into account the evolution of wealth of cash holders versus non cash holders. Cash holders will be driven out of the market in the long run by traders who only use a (risky) long-lived asse...

Tobin (1958) has argued that in the face of potential capital losses on bonds it is reasonable to hold cash as a means to transfer wealth over time. It is shown that this assertion cannot be sustained taking into account the evolution of wealth of cash holders versus non cash holders. Cash holders will be driven out of the market in the long run by traders who only use a (risky) long-lived asse...