in this study, generation of the transient evoked ooacoustic emissions in human ear has been simulated using a new electroacoustic model. the method of state variables was adopted to calculate the auditory model, and numerical integration methods have been used to solve differential equations in matlab. simulation results have been compared with the real data. in this study, latency curves, fre...

Sensory nerves of the brainstem are mostly composed of placode-derived neurons, neural crest-derived neurons and neural crest-derived Schwann cells. This mixed origin of cells has made it difficult to dissect interdependence for fiber guidance. Inner ear-derived neurons are known to connect to the brain after delayed loss of Schwann cells in ErbB2 mutants. However, the ErbB2 mutant related alte...

ation for the origin of the inner ear disease, the cochlea response, physiology of hearing mechanism and to aid the pharmacological treatment of the inner ear deafness, the oxygen consumption of the stria vascularis and the spiral ligament was studied. The function of the stria vrscularis and the spiral ligament was also studied by electron microscopy. Healthy adult guinea pigs were used in the...

The inner ear, composed of the cochlea and the vestibule, is a specialized sensory organ for hearing and balance. Although the inner ear has been known as an immune-privileged organ, there is emerging evidence indicating an active immune reaction of the inner ear. Inner ear inflammation can be induced by the entry of proinflammatory molecules derived from middle ear infection. Because middle ea...

The Kir4.1 gene (KCNJ10) encodes an inwardly rectifying K(+) channel subunit abundantly expressed in the CNS. Its expression in the mammalian inner ear has been suggested but its function in vivo in the inner ear is unknown. Because diverse human hereditary deafness syndromes are associated with mutations in K(+) channels, we examined auditory function and inner ear structure in mice with a gen...

conclusion spiral-ct scan is superior to conventional ct in the diagnosis of lesions in com before operation. it can be used for detailed evaluation of ossicular chain in such patients. objectives this study was performed to compare the findings of three-dimensional reconstructed spiral and conventional ct scan of ossicular chain study in patients with com. patients and methods fifty patients e...

Missense mutations in the COCH gene, which is expressed preferentially at high levels in the inner ear, cause the autosomal dominant sensorineural deafness and vestibular disorder, DFNA9 (OMIM 601369). By in situ hybridization of mouse and human inner ear sections, we find high-level expression of COCH mRNA in the fibrocytes of the spiral limbus and of the spiral ligament in the cochlea, and in...

Aquaporin CHIP (AQP-CHIP) is a water channel protein previously identified in red blood cells and water transporting epithelia. The inner ear is an organ of hearing and balance whose normal function depends critically on maintenance of fluid homeostasis. In this study, AQP-CHIP, or a close homologue, was found in specific cells of the inner ear, as assessed by immunocytochemistry with the use o...

The inner ear is our most sensitive sensory organ and can be subdivided into 3 functional units: organ of Corti, stria vascularis and spiral ganglion. The appropriate stimulus for the organ of hearing is sound which travels through the external auditory canal to the middle ear where it is transmitted to the inner ear. The inner ear habors the hair cells, the sensory cells of hearing. The inner ...

CONCLUSIONS Human neural progenitor cells can differentiate into spiral ganglion-like cells when exposed to inner ear-associated growth factors. The phenotype bears resemblance to human sphere-derived neurons. OBJECTIVE To establish an in vitro model for the human auditory nerve to replace and complement in vivo animal experiments and ultimately human in vivo transplantation. METHODS Human ...