a bstra ct   background: clinical education is the heart of the nursing education program. effective nursing clinical instructors are needed for graduating the future qualified nurses. there is a well - developed body of knowledge about the effectiveness of clinical teaching and the instructors. however, translating this knowledge into a context - based evaluation tool for measuring the effecti...

PURPOSE High-fidelity simulation training is effective for learning crisis resource management (CRM) skills, but cost is a major barrier to implementing high-fidelity simulation training into the curriculum. The aim of this study was to examine the cost-effectiveness of self-debriefing and traditional instructor debriefing in CRM training programs and to calculate the minimum willingness-to-pay...

Introduction Many commentators have argued that distance education requires a qualitatively new pedagogy built on a unique relationship between the instructor and the learners. Traditional education or one-way televised learning at a distance often produces boredom. Students learn passively because the instructor is the sage and the source of knowledge (Markel. 1999). Besides, adult learners al...