the knowledge of local and regional factors that affect effective solidwaste collection plays an important role in choosing appropriate technology. wastecollection has grown to become a major challenge demanding daily response from wastemanagers and it becomes inevitable to provide stakeholders with necessary information toaid key decision-making. this paper provides a comprehensive and detaile...

THE GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL SANITATION CRISIS CANNOT BE DENIED: well over a century after the sanitary revolution in 19th century Europe, 40% of the world's population still lacks access to improved sanitation. Important lessons from the past must be applied today if the crisis is to be averted. Sanitation has suffered from a lack of prioritization for as long as it has remained the poor relation ...

Researchers suggest that inadequate sanitation contributes to high rates of diarrheal disease causing 20 percent of diarrhea deaths (approximately 280,000 deaths in 2012)i. Despite the billions of dollars that governments and multi-lateral donors are spending on sanitation programming around the developing world, there is still disagreement on the fundamental reasons for high rates of inadequat...

Sanitation in neighbourhood and household domains can provide primary protection against diarrhea morbidity, yet their distinct health benefits have not been succinctly distinguished and reviewed. We present here the first systematic review and meta-analysis of the distinct effect of neighbourhood and household sanitation conditions on diarrhea morbidity. We identified studies reporting the eff...

In the summer of 2013, I traveled to Dhaka, Bangladesh to directly observe the relationship between gender advancement and national improvements in sanitation practices. My research and experiences in Bangladesh have led me to the conclusion that, while a great deal has been accomplished in terms of improved sanitation, further improvements cannot be made unless the critical importance of Bangl...

The BSF is a robust water treatment technology for use in rural Cambodian households, capable of effective removal of bacteria, and significant reduction of diarrheal disease. BSF performance is comparable to other recommended household water treatment interventions. The Water and Sanitation Program is an international partnership for improving water and sanitation sector policies, practices, a...

Household-level container-based sanitation (CBS) services may help address the persistent challenge of providing effective, affordable sanitation services for which low-income urban households are willing to pay. Little is known, however, about user perceptions of and demand for household CBS services. This study presents the results of a pilot CBS service programme in Cap Haitien, Haiti. One h...

Like most cities in developing countries, Kigali is experiencing rapid urbanisation leading to an increase in the urban population and rapid growth in the size and number of informal settlements. More than 60% of the city's population resides in these settlements, where they experience inadequate and poor quality urban services including sanitation. This article discusses the issues and constra...

This paper uses a randomized experimental design to evaluate a sanitation intervention that was piloted at scale across rural East Java. The program, known as Total Sanitation and Sanitation Marketing (TSSM) relies on facilitated sessions that trigger a sense of disgust at open defecation to stimulate collective action to solve current sanitation problems. Its lack of financial assistance to co...