let g be a transitive permutation group on a set ? and let m be a positive integer. if no element of g moves any subset of ? by more than m points, then |? | [2mp i (p-1)] wherep is the least odd primedividing |g |. when the bound is attained, we show that | ? | = 2 p q ….. q where ? is a non-negative integer with 2 < p, r 1 and q is a prime satisfying p < q < 2p, ? = 0 or 1, i i n. furthermore...

In the paper, we analyze the L norm error estimate of lower order finite element methods for the fourth order problem. We prove that the best error estimate in the L norm of the finite element solution is of second order, which can not be improved generally. The main ingredients are the saturation condition established for these elements and an identity for the error in the energy norm of the f...

Abstract. We consider the accuracy of an operator decomposition finite element method for a conjugate heat transfer problem consisting of two materials coupled through a common boundary. We derive accurate a posteriori error estimates that account for the transfer of error between components of the operator decomposition method as well as the differences between the adjoints of the full problem...

This paper presents a simple method based on strain energy density criterion to study the crack initiation angle by finite element method under biaxial loading condition. The crack surface relative displacement method is used to eliminate the calculation of the stress intensity factors which are normally required. The analysis is performed using higher order four node quadrilateral element. The...

Abstract In this article, two boundary elements approximation has been considered focusing the readers' attention on some numerical aspects of such approximation. As an example, Diffuse Optical Tomography was selected with relatively simple geometry region. Then, Helmholtz equation converted to necessary form in frequency domain considered. Next, inverse problem formulated as optimal shape desi...

Analysis of the stresses, displacements, and horizontal strains of the ground subsidence due to underground excavation in rocks can be accomplished by means of a hybridized higher order indirect boundary element/finite difference (BE/FD) formulation. A semi-infinite displacement discontinuity field is discretized (numerically) using the cubic displacement discontinuity elements (i.e. each highe...

A novel element with arbitrary domain shape by using decoupled scaled boundary finite element (DSBFEM) is proposed for eigenvalue analysis of 2D vibrating rods with different boundary conditions. Within the proposed element scheme, the mode shapes of vibrating rods with variable boundary conditions are modelled and results are plotted. All possible conditions for the rods ends are incorporated ...

where φ is the potential and σ is the conductivity tensor. The most common numerical methods used to solve this equation inside a human torso are the finite element method (FEM) [1], [2] and the boundary element method (BEM) [3]-[5]. Both techniques have their relative merits for this problem. The FEM handles the highly anisotropic muscle regions well, while the BEM is more efficient in electri...