The most widely used attractive logical account of knowledge uses standard epistemic models, i.e., graphs whose edges are indistinguishability relations for agents. In this paper, we discuss more general topological models for a multi-agent epistemic language, whose main uses so far have been in reasoning about space. We show that this more geometrical perspective affords greater powers of dist...

This paper compares epistemic virtue from the viewpoints of Zagzebski and Mulla Sadra, aiming to determine the extent to which their viewpoints on epistemic virtue are similar. Zagzebski, the contemporary philosopher, considers epistemic virtue as the basis on which knowledge is interpreted. She sees epistemic virtue as a requirement for achieving knowledge. Mulla Sadra, the founder of Transcen...

The current study intends to conduct a comparative analysis of modality in English and Behdini-Kurdish. Modality is linguistic category pertaining expressing possibility necessity, among other meanings. paper’s central problem that Behdini-Kurdish learners face difficulty comprehending the notion English, precisely modal auxiliary verbs. primary goals this investigation are define epistemic deo...

Much research has studied stance markers, but little does detailed analysis on specific functions of a epistemic adverb apart from its classified basic function. This corpus-study the different one "obviously" in three seasons Sherlock Holmes. The results are generated using Antconc software. Three practical induced and some implications learning teaching markers further discussed.

This paper shows how propositional dynamic logic (PDL) can be interpreted as a logic for multi-agent belief revision. For that we revise and extend the logic of communication and change (LCC) of [9]. Like LCC, our logic uses PDL as a base epistemic language. Unlike LCC, we start out from agent plausibilities, add their converses, and build knowledge and belief operators from these with the PDL ...

The United Kingdom's withdrawal from the European Union, known as Brexit, is arguably most important political, social, and economic phenomenon in British post-WWII history. This paper analyses parliamentary debates December 2018 concerning Withdrawal Act, focusing on epistemic modality of Member Parliaments' (MP) statements, to investigate ontology Brexit. Epistemic refers linguistic devices t...

This paper describes the use of perhaps, maybe and possibly in a crossdisciplinary corpus of academic and popularised scientific writing. It accounts for their higher frequency in popularised discourse by investigating their functions in detail. The analysis, conducted from various perspectives (syntactic, semantic, pragmatic and rhetorical), suggests that two factors are at work: the evidentia...